ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2026
Urinary dysfunction in myasthenia Gravis: a cross-sectional case-control study.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionMyasthenia gravis (MG) is a disorder of neuromuscular transmission that primarily affects skeletal muscles, leading to cranial, truncal, and limb weakness. While motor symptoms are well documented, the prevalence and clinical significance of urinary dysfunction particularly urinary incontinence (UI) and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms remain underexplored in MG, with previous reports limited to small cohorts.
methodsIn this study, 86 MG patients and 90 age- and sex-matched inpatient controls were evaluated. All participants completed the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS). MG severity was assessed using the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scale. MG patients were further categorized into early-onset (EOMG), late-onset (LOMG), and very late-onset (VLOMG) subgroups. Logistic regression identified predictors of UI, and Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to evaluate time to first UI symptoms.
resultsMG patients had significantly higher prevalence of UI symptoms (ICIQ-UI SF ≥ 6 in 52.3% vs. 12.2% in controls; p < 0.001). LOMG patients exhibited the highest UI prevalence (63.2%) and progressed most rapidly to UI, while EOMG patients had the latest onset. OAB symptoms were also more prominent in MG, marked by higher OABSS and increased urgency. MG-ADL score independently predicted UI (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.04–5.46; p = 0.041). DISCUSSION: UI and OAB symptoms are more common in MG patients than in controls. MG-ADL score is an independent predictor of UI, and age at disease onset may influence the timing of UI development. Early identification and intervention may improve patient outcomes.
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