Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41486994›Full record

Observational studyCurrent Alzheimer research2026

Relation between Cerebrospinal Fluid Catecholamines and Vascular Risk Factors, Thyroid Function and Vitamins in Healthy Individuals and Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Isabel Portela Moreira, Paula Serrao, Lucinda Sequeira, Maria José Sa, Maria Augusta Vieira-Coelho, Joana Guimaraes

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Current Alzheimer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Isabel Portela MoreiraDepartment of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-0233-5416
Paula SerraoPharmacology and Therapeutics Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Lucinda SequeiraDepartment of Neurology, ULS São João, Porto, Portugal.
Maria José SaCSF Laboratory of the Department of Neurology, ULS São João, Porto, Portugal.
Maria Augusta Vieira-CoelhoPharmacology and Therapeutics Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Joana GuimaraesDepartment of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe locus coeruleus is the primary site of norepinephrine (NE) synthesis in the brain. Its dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Vascular risk factors, thyroid dysfunction, and vitamin deficiencies have also been associated with an increased risk of dementia. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the catecholaminergic system-by measuring cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), dopamine (DA), and NE-and vascular risk factors, thyroid dysfunction, and vitamin deficiencies.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional observational study in which CSF levels of L-DOPA, DA and NE were measured in 117 participants. Data on Blood Pressure (BP), heart rate, glycaemic and lipid profiles, smoking history, thyroid function and vitamin B12 and folic acid levels were collected for each participant.

resultsWe found significant correlations between NE and CSF glucose levels (r = 0.308, p = 0.003) in participants without diabetes mellitus, between L-DOPA and orthostatic variation of diastolic BP (r = -0.288, p = 0.014) and high-density lipoprotein (r = 0.404, p = 0.001) and between NE and triglycerides (r = 0.271, p = 0.030) and folic acid (r = 0.298, p = 0.009). DISCUSSION: This is the first study to demonstrate correlations between CSF NE levels and CSF glucose, probably due to the effect of NE on astrocytes, and between CSF NE levels and folic acid, possibly related to its role in catecholamine synthesis. CSF L-DOPA levels were correlated with cardiovascular risk factors such as the orthostatic regulation of diastolic BP.

conclusionThese findings may contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases.

Indexed as

CatecholaminesNeurodegenerative DiseasesThyroid DiseasesVitaminsAgedBlood PressureCross-Sectional StudiesDopamineFemaleHumansLevodopaMaleMiddle AgedNorepinephrineRisk FactorsCatecholaminesDopamineLevodopaNorepinephrineVitaminsblood pressurecerebrospinal fluidcholesteroldopamineglucoseL-DOPAnorepinephrinethyroid

Identifiers

PMID41486994

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.