Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41487502›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in pharmacology2025

Effectiveness and safety of Ayurvedic intervention in essential hypertension: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Saylee Deshmukh, Kuldeep Choudhary, Azeem Ahmad, Govind Reddy, B C S Rao, Narayanam Srikanth, Rabinarayan Acharya

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Saylee DeshmukhCCRAS-RRAP Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Mumbai, India.
Kuldeep ChoudharyCCRAS-RRAP Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Mumbai, India.
Azeem AhmadCentral Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Govind ReddyCCRAS-RRAP Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Mumbai, India.
B C S RaoCentral Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Narayanam SrikanthCentral Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Rabinarayan AcharyaCentral Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Essential hypertension (EH) is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that has become a public health challenge owing to poor control and adherence. Many clinical trials have exhibited the effectiveness of Ayurvedic formulations and procedures in the management of EH. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we present an evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of Ayurvedic interventions compared to conventional therapies for EH. Method: The systematic review and meta-analysis presented herein adheres to the PRISMA guidelines. Accordingly, we conducted a literature search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Directory of Open Access Journals, Google Scholar, AYUSH Research Portal, and Ayurveda Research Database for published works up to May 2025. The studies included randomized and non-randomized controlled trials, observational, and pre-post studies of Ayurvedic interventions for EH. The primary outcomes evaluated were systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) changes. The risk of bias of ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in the meta-analysis was assessed using the Cochrane guidelines. The meta-analysis was performed in two groups, namely, Ayurveda vs. placebo and Ayurveda vs. standard antihypertensives, using RevMan 5.4. Result: A total of 44 studies was included in the systematic review, and ten RCTs involving 524 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The interventions included single herbs, polyherbal/herbomineral formulations, and Conclusion: This systematic review shows that although Ayurvedic interventions do not achieve significant BP reductions versus conventional treatments, they may provide clinical benefits with good safety. The main limitations of the present review are the heterogeneity and methodological differences among the different studies. Hence, high-quality multicenter RCTs with standardized interventions are needed to assess the overall effectiveness of these therapies. Systemetic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42019123886, Identifier PROSPERO.

Indexed as

ayurvedadiastolic blood pressureessential hypertensionherbal medicinepanchakarmasystematic reviewsystolic blood pressure

Identifiers

PMID41487502
PMCPMC12757693

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.