ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Multi-omics profiling unravel the immune landscape diversity by prognostic signatures of immunotherapy response in triple-negative breast cancer.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role of KIAA1467 in breast cancer: insights from pan-cancer and single-cell sequencing analysis.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Spatial organization of the TNBC tumor microenvironment: multicellular niches, T-cell bottlenecks, and therapeutic opportunities.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Beyond Molecular Classification in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Toward Subtype-Guided Precision Oncology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- AI-driven multi-omics integration in breast cancer: clinical applications, immunotherapy prediction, and translational challenges.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a challenging malignancy with limited therapeutic options and variable responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The tumor immune infiltration significantly influences the outcomes of immunotherapy treatments. Novel biomarkers are urgently needed which integrate both tumor-intrinsic and immune-related features to better stratify patients and dissect the immune microenvironment. Methods: We investigated the tumor immune infiltration and assessed its prognostic significance in an internal cohort of TNBC patients using multiplex immunofluorescence. Then we integrated multi-omics approach that combines bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing to develop a prognostic signature. The model underwent validation across three independent external cohorts and additional immunotherapy cohorts. Immune cell infiltration was assessed using CIBERSORT, and cellular communication networks were characterized through CellChat analysis. Expression and functional investigations of key genes were conducted in TNBC cell lines using knockdown and overexpression techniques and further functional assays. Results: Our internal cohort of patients with TNBC revealed distinct TIME profiles and both high CD8 Conclusions: We developed and validated an immune-related signature for predicting TNBC outcomes and immunotherapy response. This signature reflects underlying immune landscape heterogeneity and provides a crucial method for patient stratification and immunotherapeutic planning.
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