Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41489791›Full record

ReviewCurrent hypertension reports2026

The Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in the Treatment of Primary Hypertension.

Jehan Zahid Bahrainwala, Vivek Bhalla

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current hypertension reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jehan Zahid BahrainwalaDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3180 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.
Vivek BhallaDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3180 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA. vbhalla@stanford.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypertension affects over one billion individuals worldwide and remains the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. While first-line therapies including thiazide-type diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors / angiotensin receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers can effectively control blood pressure in many patients, 10-20% develop resistant hypertension requiring additional therapeutic approaches. Steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have emerged as essential fourth-line agents for resistant hypertension, with spironolactone demonstrating superior efficacy compared to other add-on therapies in the landmark PATHWAY-2 trial. The pathophysiological rationale for MRAs includes natriuretic effects, vasodilatory properties and target organ protection through anti-fibrotic mechanisms. Novel non-steroidal MRAs offer improved selectivity and reduced endocrine side effects compared to traditional agents, potentially expanding the therapeutic window for mineralocorticoid receptor blockade. In this review, we discuss the established role of MRAs in primary and resistant hypertension management and discuss consideration of MRAs in certain hypertension patient populations. We also briefly review patient selection strategies and future directions for this important therapeutic class.

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsHypertensionMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsReceptors, MineralocorticoidBlood PressureHumansAntihypertensive AgentsMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsReceptors, MineralocorticoidAldosteroneEpithelial sodium channelHypertensionMineralocorticoid receptor

Identifiers

PMID41489791

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.