Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41489934›Full record

ArticleThe veterinary quarterly2026

A bivalent subunit bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine based on the ectodomains of glycoproteins D and B elicits robust protective immunity against infection in a rabbit model.

Wenxiao Liu, Chun Yang, Jijing Tian, Jing Cheng, Linyi Zhou, Munir Iqbal, Arslan Mehboob, Rebecca Daines, Sui Zhang, Mengjiao Chen and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The veterinary quarterly, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Wenxiao LiuInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Chun YangInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Jijing TianLaboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Jing ChengInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Linyi ZhouInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Munir IqbalAvian Influenza and Newcastle Disease Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK.
Arslan MehboobAvian Influenza and Newcastle Disease Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK.
Rebecca DainesAvian Influenza and Newcastle Disease Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK.
Sui ZhangResearch center for Infectious disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Mengjiao ChenInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xiaoying WangCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
Yongqing LiInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is the causative agent of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and reproductive disorders causing significant economic losses in the cattle industry. Both BoHV-1 glycoproteins B (gB) and D (gD) are targets of neutralizing antibodies and desirable antigens for subunit vaccine. In this study, a bivalent subunit vaccine was generated based on the ectodomain of gD and gB expressed by baculoviruses system. Compared with the inactivated vaccine, the bivalent subunit vaccine induced higher neutralizing antibody levels against both the BoHV-1 reference strain and the virulent BoHV-1 field strain. Following intranasally challenge with BoHV-1 J2303, the clinical signs and virus excretion were significantly reduced in rabbits vaccinated with this subunit vaccine whereas severe clinical symptoms appeared in the non-vaccinated rabbits, indicating that the bivalent subunit vaccine provides complete protection against virulent BoHV-1 infection. Considering that the respiratory symptoms caused by J2303 in rabbits is highly similar and even identical to those of cattle, our findings suggest that the bivalent subunit vaccine based on combination of gD with gB protein have promising application to BoHV-1control programs.

Indexed as

Herpesviridae InfectionsHerpesvirus 1, BovineHerpesvirus VaccinesInfectious Bovine RhinotracheitisViral Envelope ProteinsViral ProteinsViral VaccinesAnimalsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCattleRabbitsVaccines, SubunitAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, Viralbovine herpesvirus type-1 glycoproteinsHerpesvirus VaccinesVaccines, SubunitViral Envelope ProteinsViral ProteinsViral Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID41489934
PMCPMC12777838

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.