Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41492269›Full record

ArticleKronika (Ljubljana, Slovenia)2025

Prevalence, emerging aetiologies, and contemporary predictors of primary postpartum haemorrhage in a tertiary-level obstetric population in Nnewi, Nigeria: a pilot study.

George Uchenna Eleje, Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu, Chiamaka Perpetua Chidozie, Divinefavour Echezona Malachy, Emmanuel Chukwubuikem Egwuatu, Isaiah Chukwuebuka Umeoranefo, Timothy Abiola Oluwasola, Usman Bolarinwa Raji, Gbenga Olorunfemi, Lydia Ijeoma Eleje and 50 more

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Article in Kronika (Ljubljana, Slovenia), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

60 authors.

George Uchenna ElejeEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Joseph Ifeanyichukwu IkechebeluEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Chiamaka Perpetua ChidozieDepartment of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Divinefavour Echezona MalachyEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Emmanuel Chukwubuikem EgwuatuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Isaiah Chukwuebuka UmeoranefoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Timothy Abiola OluwasolaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Usman Bolarinwa RajiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Gbenga OlorunfemiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Lydia Ijeoma ElejeMeasurement and Evaluation Unit, Department of Educational Foundations, Nnamdi Azikwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Kingsley Chukwuebuka AguDepartment of Applied Microbiology, Nnamdi Azikwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Chukwunonso Isaiah EnechukwuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Safiya Usman ZahradeenDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Muhammad Abdullahi Wase Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Aisha Shehu ShanonoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Muhammad Abdullahi Wase Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Nnabuike Okechukwu OjiegbeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Nigeria.
Lazarus Ugochukwu OkaforDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Osita Samuel UmeononihuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Bethel Chinonso OkemeziemEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Kenechukwu Ezekwesili ObiEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Zebulon Chiawolamoke OkechukwuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem OkoroDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Chukwudubem Chinagorom OnyejiakaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Chiemezie Mac-Kingsley AgbanuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Chijioke Ogomegbunam EzeigweEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Chidera Emmanuel UwalakaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Uchenna Paschaline EzeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Ifeanyi Kingsley NwaejuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Golibe Christian IkpezeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Harison Chiro UgwuorokoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Olisaemeka Nnaedozie OkonkwoEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Bethel Nnaemeka UwakweEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Nwachukwu Chukelu ObiechinaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Tochukwu Chukwuemeka ObiechinaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Charles Chibuoyim OkohEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Onyinye Diana EzidiegwuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Echezona Ikenna OnyekweluDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Theophilus Osaje OkonobohDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
John Chukwuebuka NkesiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Nnaedozie Paul ObiegbuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
John Okechukwu UmehDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Nigeria.
Eziamaka Pauline EzenkweleDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
Samuel Okwuchukwu IlikannuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Center, Asaba, Nigeria.
Nnanyelugo Chima EzeoraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.
Solomon Maduka AriomDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Chinaza Michael EgbobeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Chinelo Onuegbunam OkoyeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi Araba, Nigeria.
Hyacinth Tochukwu EzeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Kingsley Chidiebere NwaoguDepartment of Radiology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Arinze Anthony OnwuegbunaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Ayyuba RabiuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.
Emmanuel Onyebuchi UgwuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
Kingsley Emeka EkwuaziDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
Anthony Osita IgwegbeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Charlotte Blanche OguejioforDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Ikechukwu Innocent MbachuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Adanna Vivian EgwimDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Johnbosco Emmanuel MamahDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Joseph Odirichukwu UgboajaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Gerald Okanandu UdigweEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Ahizechukwu Chigoziem EkeDivision of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Funding

NICHD NIH HHS K23 HD104517
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPPH) is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in low-resource settings, with evolving aetiological patterns and contextual risk factors. However, current data from Nigerian obstetric populations are limited. Objectives: This study evaluated the current prevalence, causes and predictors of PPPH among parturients in Nnewi, southeastern Nigeria. Methods: This pilot analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria, from 1 April to 30 September 2025. Postpartum women were consecutively recruited and provided data through structured KoboToolbox-assisted questionnaires and medical record review. The primary outcome was PPPH prevalence, defined as blood loss ≥500 mL following vaginal birth or ≥1000 mL following caesarean delivery within 24 hours. Secondary outcomes assessed aetiologies and associated factors. Binary logistic regression identified predictors, reported as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Among 352 participants, 8.8% (95% CI: 6.0-12.5%; n = 31) experienced PPPH. The overall median estimated blood loss was 320 (55-2150) mL. Genital tract trauma (58.1%; 95% CI: 34.4-91.8%) was the leading cause, followed by uterine atony (32.3%; 95%CI: 15.5-59.3%). Increasing parity (aOR=1.46; 95% CI: 1.0-2.1; p= 0.03) and antepartum haemorrhage (aOR =5.39; 95% CI: 1.3-21.9; p=0.02) were significant predictors of PPPH. Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates a shift from uterine atony to genital tract trauma as the predominant cause of PPPH in this setting. Increasing parity and antecedent antepartum haemorrhage were independent predictors. This reinforces the importance of enhanced intrapartum monitoring, trauma-focused prevention strategies and skilled obstetric care.

Indexed as

Emerging causesmaternal healthobstetric haemorrhagerisk factorssub-Saharan Africa

Identifiers

PMID41492269
PMCPMC12765468

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.