Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41493585›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2026

Short-term effects of inspiratory muscle warm-up and fatigue on diaphragmatic function in professional basketball players: a randomized clinical trial.

Arturo Ladriñán-Maestro, Jorge Sánchez-Infante, David Rodríguez-Sanz, Alberto Sánchez-Sierra

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07046637 (Short-Term Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Warm-Up and Fatigue on Diaphragmatic Function in Professional Basketball Players), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07046637 nanot yet recruitingnot on this map

Short-Term Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Warm-Up and Fatigue on Diaphragmatic Function in Professional Basketball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorSierra Varona SLRan2025 to 2025Enrolled38ConditionsSports Physical Therapy, Athletic Injuries, HealthyArmsInspiratory muscle fatigue group, Inspiratory muscle warm-up group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Arturo Ladriñán-MaestroFaculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain. arturo.ladrinan@uclm.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-8504-0715
Jorge Sánchez-InfanteGrupo de Investigación en Fisioterapia Toledo (GIFTO), Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
David Rodríguez-SanzFaculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Alberto Sánchez-SierraFaculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to assess the short-term effects of inspiratory muscle fatigue and warm-up on respiratory muscle strength and diaphragm thickness in professional basketball players.

methodsThirty-eight professional basketball players randomly allocated into an Inspiratory Muscle Fatigue group (FG) or an Inspiratory Muscle Warm-up group (WG). Diaphragmatic ultrasound parameters (inspiratory thickness, thickening fraction) and maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at 15 and 30 min post-intervention.

resultsCompared with baseline, the FG showed decreases of 7% in MIP, 11% in inspiratory diaphragm thickness, and 26% in thickening fraction (all p < 0.01; η² = 0.38-0.68). In contrast, the WG demonstrated increases of 5% in MIP, 9% in inspiratory thickness, and 17% in thickening fraction immediately and 15 min after the intervention (p < 0.01). All outcomes showed strong group × time interactions (η² ≥ 0.74). Improvements in the WG diminished by 30 min.

conclusionsInspiratory muscle fatigue induces short-term impairments in inspiratory muscle strength and diaphragm thickness lasting at least 30 min. In contrast, inspiratory muscle warm-up elicits transient improvements lasting up to 15 min.

trial registrationThis trial was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07046637) on July 10, 2025.

Indexed as

BasketballDiaphragmMuscle FatigueRespiratory MusclesWarm-Up ExerciseAdultAthletesHumansInhalationMaleMuscle StrengthYoung AdultFatigueInspiratory muscle trainingSports performanceWarm-up

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.