Evidence mapPaperPMID 41495227Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Association of the novel remnant cholesterol inflammatory index with acute coronary syndrome risk in hospitalized patients with diabetes: a two-center study.

Honglin Li, Wenzhou Yang, Duiming Yang, Yan Jia, Yane Yang, Qing Xu, Jinyuan Cui, Zaixiang Zheng, Chuanwei Zhao, Xinhua Wu

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Honglin Li *Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan, China.
Wenzhou Yang *Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan, China.
Duiming Yang *Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan, China.
Yan JiaDepartment of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan, China.
Yane YangDepartment of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan, China.
Qing XuDepartment of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan, China.
Jinyuan CuiDepartment of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan, China.
Zaixiang ZhengDepartment of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan, China.
Chuanwei ZhaoDepartment of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Baoshan City Yunnan Province, Baoshan, Yunnan, China. zhaochuanwei946@163.com.
Xinhua WuDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China. 13987286915@139.com.

Funding

Baoshan Science and Technology Planning Project 2024bskjylzd007
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation are key contributors to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with diabetes mellitus. The novel remnant cholesterol inflammatory index (NRCII), combining remnant cholesterol (RC) and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), may enhance risk stratification, but its clinical relevance in diabetic inpatients remains unclear. This multicenter retrospective study included 3664 diabetic inpatients hospitalized between August 2019 and June 2025. Logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), subgroup, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the association between NRCII and ACS. Incremental predictive value was evaluated using C-statistic, net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and likelihood-ratio (LR) tests. ACS occurred in 1056 participants (28.8%). Each 1-unit increase in NRCII was associated with a 21% higher risk of ACS in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.13-1.29, P < 0.001). Quartile analyses showed a clear dose-response (P for trend < 0.001), with the highest quartile showing nearly three-fold greater risk (OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.86-4.04) compared to the lowest. RCS confirmed a significant nonlinear positive association. Results remained robust after excluding patients on lipid-lowering therapy. Subgroup analyses revealed interactions with age and alcohol use. NRCII addition to the clinical model provided the greatest performance gain (C-statistic 0.751; NRI 0.271; IDI 0.020; LR 30.63; all P < 0.001) over RC or NLR alone. Higher NRCII is independently and strongly associated with ACS risk among hospitalized patients with diabetes, offering superior predictive value compared to RC or NLR alone. NRCII may serve as a simple, effective tool for ACS risk stratification in this high-risk population.

Indexed as

Acute Coronary SyndromeCholesterolDiabetes MellitusInflammationAgedFemaleHospitalizationHumansLymphocytesMaleMiddle AgedNeutrophilsRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsCholesterolAcute coronary syndromeDiabetes mellitusNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratioNovel remnant cholesterol inflammatory indexRemnant cholesterol

Identifiers

PMID41495227
PMCPMC12830710

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.