Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41495652›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2026

α-pinene effects on the anticancer properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotics against colorectal cancer cells.

Elahe Jafari, Seyedeh Zahra Bahojb Mahdavi, Haniyeh Azimi Hasani, Mohammad Yousef Memar, Omid Pourbagherian, Sahar Safaei, Amir Ali Mokhtarzadeh, Golamreza Dehghan, Morteza Eskandani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Elahe JafariDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran.
Seyedeh Zahra Bahojb MahdaviImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Haniyeh Azimi HasaniImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Mohammad Yousef MemarInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Clinical Research Development Unit of Sina Educational, Research and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Omid PourbagherianImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Sahar SafaeiImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Amir Ali MokhtarzadehImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. mokhtarzadehah@tbzmed.ac.ir.
Golamreza DehghanDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran. dehghan2001d@yahoo.com.
Morteza EskandaniResearch Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Morteza.eskandani@gmail.com.

Funding

Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science 75979
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer and the second leading cause of death globally. Despite numerous studies conducted on various aspects of CRC, challenges remain regarding the most effective prevention and treatment strategies. Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) is a Gram-positive, nonsporulating bacterium found in the gastrointestinal tract. Certain fermented foods are widely recognized for their probiotic properties. α-pinene is an organic monoterpene found in many aromatic plants such as conifers, eucalyptus, mint, holy basil, amphora, etc. It is known to have antimicrobial, anti-metastatic, anti-apoptotic, and antibiotic properties. This study aimed to explore the impact of long-term adaptation of L. acidophilus to α-pinene on the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of its cell-free supernatants (CFS). In the first stage, the inhibitory effects of CFSs of α-pinene treated bacteria (αP-CFS) and untreated bacteria (CFS), on the proliferation and biofilm formation abilities of various pathogenic bacterial species were assessed. Subsequently, using cellular and molecular methods such as MTT, Annexin V/PI staining, cell cycle analysis, colony formation, scratch, and quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR), the anticancer properties of CFSs on HCT-116 cells were investigated.

resultsOur results indicated that both CFSs inhibited the proliferation and biofilm formation of pathogenic bacteria, and the antimicrobial effect of αP-CFS being significantly greater than that of CFS. In comparison to CFS, HCT-116 treatment by αP-CFSs demonstrated greater suppression in cell proliferation and increased induction of apoptosis. This effect was mediated by modulating apoptotic genes, including Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9, highlighting the enhanced potency of αP-CFS compared to CFS. Cell cycle analysis indicated that αP-CFS significantly increased cell cycle arrest at the Sub-G1 stage compared to CFS. Colony formation and scratch assays demonstrated that αP-CFS is more effective than CFS in inhibiting colony formation and cell migration. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that αP-CFS significantly reduced the expression of MMP-3 and MMP-9 compared to CFS.

conclusionsThese findings suggest that the long-term adaptation of L. acidophilus to α-pinene enhances the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of its CFS, suggesting this approach as a promising strategy for CRC treatment.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsBicyclic MonoterpenesColorectal NeoplasmsLactobacillus acidophilusMonoterpenesProbioticsApoptosisCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationHumansalpha-pineneAntineoplastic AgentsBicyclic MonoterpenesMonoterpenesAnti-cancerApoptosisCell cycleColorectal cancerLactobacillus acidophilusMigrationProbioticα-pinene

Identifiers

PMID41495652
PMCPMC12871037

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.