Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41497005›Full record

ArticleAnnals of medicine and surgery (2012)2026

Tumor-derived exosomes as predictors of chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer.

Muhammad Khizar, Hasibullah Aminpoor, Muhammad Zaib, Qaima Ali, Hasiba Karimi

Abstract readLetter
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of medicine and surgery (2012), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Muhammad KhizarFaculty of Medicine, Georgian American University, Manifest Medical Research Co, Tbilisi, Georgia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5229-5052
Hasibullah AminpoorFaculty of Medicine, Kabul University of Medical Sciences "Abu Ali Ibn Sina", Kabul, Afghanistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1817-7800
Muhammad ZaibFaculty of Medicine, Georgian American University, Manifest Medical Research Co, Tbilisi, Georgia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7675-7161
Qaima AliFaculty of Medicine, Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4771-9955
Hasiba KarimiFaculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-3849

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chemotherapy resistance is a major obstacle in gastric cancer, limiting the efficacy of systemic therapy and contributing to poor survival. Tumor-derived exosomes are key mediators of chemoresistance, carrying microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and proteins that modulate apoptosis, drug efflux, and tumor-microenvironment interactions. Evidence from high-incidence countries, such as China and Japan, associates specific exosomal signatures with poor treatment response, and translational studies in Europe and North America are exploring their prognostic and predictive utility. Despite technical advances, clinical translation is hampered by inconsistent protocols, small cohorts, and limited regulatory frameworks. This letter reviews the biological and clinical evidence for exosome-mediated chemoresistance in gastric cancer and advocates for standardized methodologies, global validation studies, and integration into precision oncology pathways.

Indexed as

biomarkerschemotherapy resistanceexosomal miRNAsgastric cancerliquid biopsypersonalized medicineprecision oncologytumor-derived exosomes

Identifiers

PMID41497005
PMCPMC12768209

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.