Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41497648›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2025

Shifts in the human gut microbiome during cancer chemotherapy are diet-dependent.

Kai R Trepka, Erin L Van Blarigan, Than S Kyaw, Christine A Olson, Gina Partipilo, Edwin F Ortega, Cecilia Noecker, Vaibhav Upadhyay, Chen Zhang, Daryll Gempis and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04054908 (Gut Microbiome and Oral Fluoropyrimidine Study in Patients With Colorectal Cancer), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04054908 completednot on this map

Gut Microbiome and Oral Fluoropyrimidine Study in Patients With Colorectal Cancer

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2018 to 2022Enrolled50ConditionsGastrointestinal Microbiome, Neoplasm, Colorectal
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Kai R TrepkaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8672-6317
Erin L Van BlariganDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Than S KyawDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Christine A OlsonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Gina PartipiloDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Edwin F OrtegaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Cecilia NoeckerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Vaibhav UpadhyayDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Chen ZhangDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Daryll GempisDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Paige SteidingUCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Dalila StanfieldUCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Alan P VenookDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Chloe E AtreyaDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Wesley A KidderDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Peter J TurnbaughDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0888-2875

Funding

Microbial Pathogenesis and Host DefenseT32AI060537 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Joanne N. Engel · 2004 to 2026
$6.5M
Predicting and preventing drug metabolism by the human gut microbiomeR01HL122593 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Peter James Turnbaugh · 2016 to 2026
$5.7M
Metabolism of cancer chemotherapeutics by the human gut microbiomeR01CA255116 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Peter James Turnbaugh · 2023 to 2026
$3.1M
Host-microbiome interactions shape the metabolic effects of ketogenic dietsR01DK114034 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI TURNBAUGH, PETER JAMES · 2020 to 2024
$2.5M
Impact of the microbiome on chemotherapeutic outcomesF30CA257378 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KYAW, THAN SOE · 2021 to 2024
$190k
NCI NIH HHS F30 CA257378NCI NIH HHS R01 CA255116NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL122593NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI060537NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK114034
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Numerous studies have implicated both dietary intake and the human gut microbiome in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment outcomes. However, little is known about how patients adjust their dietary intake during cancer chemotherapy or if these dietary changes contribute to treatment-associated alterations in the gut microbiome. We performed paired longitudinal diet and microbiome analysis during CRC treatment with oral fluoropyrimidines (NCT04054908) and validated key associations using cell culture assays. Diet quality significantly decreased during chemotherapy. Carbohydrate and refined grain intake increased, accompanied by decreased consumption of fats, nuts and seeds, and fat-soluble micronutrients. Multiple individual dietary components were strongly linked to the gut microbiome. Decreases in theobromine intake correlated with decreases in overall microbial diversity and more gastrointestinal toxicities. Diet shifts partly explained changes in bacterial abundance during chemotherapy, including more severe depletion of

Identifiers

PMID41497648
PMCPMC12767648

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.