ReviewRevista de neurologia2025
Potential Therapeutic Targets and Emerging Strategies to Promote Hematoma Resolution in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Review in Revista de neurologia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating stroke subtype with high morbidity and mortality. Beyond primary injury from blood extravasation, secondary injury driven by erythrocyte lysis and its toxic degradation products exacerbates inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal damage. Accelerating endogenous hematoma resolution, including the removal of erythrocytes and their byproducts, represents a promising therapeutic strategy. This review systematically delineates three key mechanisms of hematoma resolution post-ICH: (1) erythrophagocytosis by microglia/macrophages through Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk (TAM) receptors, the cluster of differentiation (CD) 36 receptor, the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, and the signal regulatory protein α receptor; (2) clearance of hemolytic products through the hemoglobin-haptoglobin-CD163 and hemin-hemopexin-CD91 axes; and (3) glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic drainage. Pharmacological, genetic, and physical interventions targeting these pathways have demonstrated potential to enhance phagocytosis, promote glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic function, accelerate hematoma resolution, and improve neurological outcomes in ICH models. By leveraging the intrinsic clearance mechanisms of the intracerebral hematoma, this review highlights promising therapeutic targets and strategies to overcome current clinical limitations and demonstrates significant translational potential.
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