Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41507945›Full record

ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2026

Pathogen-microenvironment-responsive and antioxidant-buffered propiconazole nanofungicide for safe and effective fungal disease control.

Xin Shi, Qizhen Zhang, Xunian Chang, Tingting Wang, Feifei Tian, Xiaolin Li, Anyu Gu, Xili Liu, Pengfei Liu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xin ShiCollege of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Qizhen ZhangCollege of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Xunian ChangShimadzu (China) Co. LTD, Beijing, 100020, China.
Tingting WangInstitute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
Feifei TianShimadzu (China) Co. LTD, Beijing, 100020, China.
Xiaolin LiInstitute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205,, China.
Anyu GuInstitute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205,, China.
Xili LiuCollege of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China. seedling@cau.edu.cn.
Pengfei LiuCollege of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China. pengfeiliu@cau.edu.cn.

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFD1700304Yunnan Province Major Science and Technology Special Plan 202302AE090003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although fungicide application via unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is increasingly used and has proven effective, concentrated deposition of fungicides can lead to phytotoxicity. Here, we developed Pro@CS/PQ, a nanofungicide comprising a chitosan (CS) core loaded with propiconazole (Pro) and a pectin–quercetin conjugate (PQ) shell. This dual-functional platform combines on-demand release with antioxidant buffering. Pro@CS/PQ released propiconazole more rapidly under acidic or pectinase-rich conditions, reaching 87.4% cumulative release within 72 h. Quercetin simultaneously protects plant tissues from oxidative stress and maintains redox homeostasis under excessive fungicide exposure. Compared with propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate (Pro EC), Pro@CS/PQ showed enhanced antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium fujikuroi, Botrytis cinerea, and Magnaporthe oryzae. In detached rice leaves infected with R. solani, Pro@CS/PQ at 50 mg·L⁻¹ achieved protective and curative efficacies of 85.8% and 70.8%, which were significantly higher than those of Pro EC. Pro@CS/PQ also exhibited improved foliar adhesion, maintaining over 60% leaf retention after water washing, approximately twice the retention of Pro EC. At concentrations up to four times the recommended rate, Pro@CS/PQ caused no visible phytotoxicity, whereas Pro EC induced severe leaf damage at half that concentration. Metabolomic analysis confirmed that Pro@CS/PQ mitigated propiconazole-induced metabolic perturbations and preserved homeostasis of key metabolic pathways involving amino acids, carbohydrates, and pyrimidines. This work offers a promising solution for safe and effective application of triazole fungicides.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsAntioxidantsFungicides, IndustrialPlant DiseasesTriazolesAscomycotaBotrytisChitosanFungiFusariumOryzaOxidative StressPlant LeavesRhizoctoniaAntifungal AgentsAntioxidantsChitosanFungicides, IndustrialpropiconazoleTriazolesControlled releaseOxidative stressTriazole fungicidesUnmanned aerial vehicle spray

Identifiers

PMID41507945
PMCPMC12874999

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.