ArticleBiomarker research2026
Spatial multi-omics mapping of tumor microanatomy dynamics following radiotherapy combined with targeted-immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Biomarker research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrative spatial multi-omics reveals the tumor ecosystem: From mechanistic insights to therapeutic strategies.iScience · 2026Review
- The invasive front in hepatocellular carcinoma: toward a tumor-CAF-macrophage metabolic interface.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immune escape in portal vein tumor thrombus: an intravascular tumor-immune niche framework for hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Remodeling of the tumor microenvironment (TME) under therapeutic pressure is a critical determinant of treatment response and resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Triple-combination therapy integrating targeted agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and radiotherapy (T+I+R) has shown potential synergistic effects in intermediate to advanced HCC, particularly in patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT), yet the spatial and cellular mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain largely unknown. In this retrospective clinical cohort study, we compared T+I+R with targeted therapy plus radiotherapy (T+R) in advanced HCC, and further employed single-cell spatial transcriptomics and spatial proteomics to generate an integrated multi-omics atlas mapping tumor and stromal compartments, cellular compositions, and intercellular interactions with spatial resolution. Clinically, T+I+R achieved superior tumor shrinkage and disease control compared with T+R. Spatial multi-omics revealed marked region-specific remodeling, with myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblasts, angiogenic tip endothelial cells, and conventional dendritic cells enriched at the invasive margin and associated with therapeutic resistance, while CD8
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.