ArticleNutrients2026
Appetite Regulation and Allostatic Load Across Prediabetes Phenotypes.
Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Allostatic load is a physiological measure of chronic stress, and stress is implicated in disrupting appetite regulation. Individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes have higher allostatic load compared to lean counterparts. However, whether allostatic load differs across prediabetes phenotypes and relates to appetite is unknown. PURPOSE: Test whether prediabetes phenotypes differ in allostatic load in relation to altered appetite regulation.
methodsIndividuals with obesity were recruited, and prediabetes was determined using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria (75 g OGTT) for this cross-sectional study. After an overnight fast, appetite hormones (ghrelin and PYY), insulin, and glucose were measured every 30 min up to 120 min of the OGTT. Perception of hunger and fullness as well as desire for sweet and fatty foods were assessed using a visual analog scale. Allostatic load was calculated from physiologic markers. Aerobic fitness (VO
resultsParticipants with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) + impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) had a higher allostatic load, obesity, and insulin resistance compared with IFG or IGT (all
conclusionsAllostatic load was associated with altered fasting ghrelin levels in individuals with IFG + IGT, along with elevated body weight and insulin resistance. These findings suggest stress is a potential mechanism underlying appetite dysregulation in different forms of prediabetes.
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