Evidence mapPaperPMID 41515464Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Gingerol-Enriched Ginger Extract Effects on Anxiety-like Behavior in a Neuropathic Pain Model via Colonic Microbiome-Neuroimmune Modulation.

Roberto Mendóza, Julianna M Santos, Xiaobo Liu, Moamen M Elmassry, Guangchen Ji, Takaki Kiritoshi, Volker Neugebauer, Chwan-Li Shen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Roberto MendózaDepartment of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-6687-7115
Julianna M SantosDepartment of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Xiaobo LiuDepartment of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2492-4537
Moamen M ElmassryDepartment of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
Guangchen JiDepartment of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Takaki KiritoshiDepartment of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5297-3379
Volker NeugebauerDepartment of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Chwan-Li ShenDepartment of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9595-6598

Funding

United States Department of Agriculture-NIFA GRANT2020-04545
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Growing evidence has revealed that gut dysbiosis is associated with the development of anxio-depressive disorders through mechanisms that involve neuroimmune signaling, neurotransmitter changes, and neuroplasticity in the brain. This study investigated the effects of gingerol-enriched ginger (GEG) on specifically anxiety-related neuroinflammation-, neuroimmunity-, neuroplasticity-, neurotransmission-, and neurotoxicity-associated genes in different brain regions, as well as on alterations linked to colonic microflora-driven dysbiosis, in the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) rat model of neuropathic pain (NP). Twenty-seven male rats were assigned to 3 groups: sham, SNL, and SNL-treated with GEG at 200 mg/kg body weight (SNL+200GEG) via oral gavage for 5 weeks. Anxiety-like behavior was assessed on the elevated plus maze (EPM). mRNA expression was assessed by qRT-PCR using respective primers. Correlation between behavioral parameters and colonic microbiome composition was analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation. The SNL+200GEG group demonstrated decreased anxiety-like behavior in the SNL model. Compared to the SNL group, the SNL+200GEG group had increased mRNA expression of NRF2 (amygdala: left), LXRα (amygdala: both sides), and CX3CR1 (amygdala: both sides, hippocampus: right). GEG modulated neuroplasticity as shown by increased gene expression of PGK1 (amygdala: right, hippocampus: both sides), MEK1 (frontal cortex: both sides), LDHA (frontal cortex: both sides), GPM6A (frontal cortex: both sides, amygdala: right, hippocampus: right, and hypothalamus), and GLUT1 (amygdala: right) as well by decreased gene expression of HIF1α (in all brain regions except for the hypothalamus). GEG modulated neurotransmission via clearance of excessive glutamate release as suggested by increased gene expression of SLC1A3 (frontal cortex: both sides, hippocampus: right) and via augmenting mGluR5 signaling as shown by increased gene expression of GRM5 (hippocampus: both sides, hypothalamus) as well as downregulation of KMO, HAAO, GRIN2B, and GRIN2C influencing downstream serotonergic neurotransmission and NMDA receptor-mediated glutamatergic pathways in different brain regions. GEG further alleviated neurotoxicity through downregulated gene expression of SIRT1, KMO, IDO1, and HAAO in different brain regions. Moreover, the increased relative abundance of

Indexed as

AnxietyFatty AlcoholsGastrointestinal MicrobiomeNeuralgiaPlant ExtractsZingiber officinaleAnimalsBehavior, AnimalCatecholsColonDisease Models, AnimalMaleRatsCatecholsFatty Alcoholsginger extractgingerolPlant Extractsanxietybioactive compoundsbraincolongut–brain axismicrobiomeneuroimmuneneuropathic painpainrats

Identifiers

PMID41515464
PMCPMC12787805

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.