Evidence mapPaperPMID 41516018Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Integrative Multi-Omics and Machine Learning Reveal Shared Biomarkers in Type 2 Diabetes and Atherosclerosis.

Qingjie Wu, Zhaochu Wang, Mengzhen Fan, Linglun Hao, Jicheng Chen, Changwen Wu, Bizhen Gao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Qingjie WuResearch Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
Zhaochu WangGraduate School, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
Mengzhen FanResearch Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
Linglun HaoResearch Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
Jicheng ChenResearch Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
Changwen WuResearch Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
Bizhen GaoResearch Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82474392
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a leading cause of death and disability in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the shared molecular mechanisms linking T2DM and atherosclerosis have not been fully elucidated. We analyzed AS- and T2DM-related gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify overlapping differentially expressed genes and co-expression signatures. Functional enrichment (Gene Ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were then used to describe the pathways and interaction modules associated with these shared signatures, We next applied the cytoHubba algorithm together with several machine learning methods to prioritize hub genes and evaluate their diagnostic potential and combined CIBERSORT-based immune cell infiltration analysis with single-cell RNA sequencing data to examine cell types and the expression patterns of the shared genes in specific cell populations. We identified 72 shared feature genes. Functional enrichment analysis of these genes revealed significant enrichment of inflammatory- and metabolism-related pathways. Three genes-IL1B, MMP9, and P2RY13-emerged as shared hub genes and yielded robust ANN-based predictive performance across datasets. Immune deconvolution and single-cell analyses consistently indicated inflammatory amplification and an imbalance of macrophage polarization in both conditions. Biology mapped to the hubs suggests IL1B drives inflammatory signaling, MMP9 reflects extracellular-matrix remodeling, and P2RY13 implicates cholesterol transport. Collectively, these findings indicate that T2DM and AS converge on immune and inflammatory processes with macrophage dysregulation as a central axis; IL1B, MMP9, and P2RY13 represent potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets and may influence disease progression by regulating macrophage states, supporting translational application to diagnosis and treatment of T2DM-related atherosclerosis. These findings are preliminary. Further experimental and clinical studies are needed to confirm their validity, given the limitations of the present study.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisBiomarkersDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Machine LearningGene Expression ProfilingGene Regulatory NetworksHumansInterleukin-1betaMatrix Metalloproteinase 9MultiomicsProtein Interaction MapsTranscriptomeBiomarkersInterleukin-1betaMatrix Metalloproteinase 9atherosclerosisimmune infiltrationmachine learningsingle-celltype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41516018
PMCPMC12786049

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.