Evidence mapPaperPMID 41518227Full record

ArticleDiabetes/metabolism research and reviews2026

Earlier Menopause and Risk of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Global Cohort Study.

Joshua Stokar, Rivka Dresner-Pollak

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Article in Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Joshua StokarDepartment of Endocrinology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-4939-5800
Rivka Dresner-PollakDepartment of Endocrinology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-0807-4963

Funding

Hadassah Medical OrganisationIsrael Science Foundation 2139/21
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing public health concern that contributes to liver and cardiovascular complications. The prevalence of MASLD in women increases sharply around age 50 years, but the relationship between an earlier age at natural menopause and MASLD is unknown.

methodsUsing the TriNetX global federated network, we identified women with earlier menopause (< 50 years). The control cohort consisted of similarly aged pre-menopausal women. Cases of premature (< 40 years) or surgical menopause, non-MASLD causes of steatotic liver disease (SLD), or sex-hormone therapy were excluded. Propensity-score matching adjusted for baseline characteristics and metabolic risk factors, resulting in two matched cohorts of 20,979 women (total n = 41,958) in the final analysis. Outcomes included new diagnoses of MASLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis) and the MASLD metabolic factors: pre-diabetes/diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and overweight/obesity over 5 years of follow-up.

resultsEarlier menopause was associated with an increased risk of developing MASLD (HR 1.322, 95% CI 1.170-1.492), new-onset dyslipidaemia (1.083; 1.045-1.122) and pre-diabetes (1.130; 1.060-1.205). Findings were consistent across stratified analyses by pre-existing metabolic risk factors (HR 95% CI for MASLD with pre-existing dysglycaemia 1.370, 1.042-1.800; dyslipidaemia 1.340, 1.053-1.705; hypertension 1.230, 0.998-1.516; overweight 1.280, 1.086-1.510).

conclusionsRisk of MASLD is increased following menopause before age 50. Further studies should assess the incorporation of menopause timing into female-specific cardiometabolic risk assessment.

Indexed as

Fatty LiverMenopauseMenopause, PrematureMetabolic DiseasesNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseAdultCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMiddle AgedPrevalencePrognosisRisk Factorsagemenopausemetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease

Identifiers

PMID41518227
PMCPMC12790266

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.