Evidence mapPaperPMID 41518479Full record

ReviewCurrent atherosclerosis reports2026

Pleiotropic Effects of Statins: Focus on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Immunomodulation (Part I).

Ali Mahmoudi, Niki Katsiki, Michal Vrablik, Amirhossein Sahebkar

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current atherosclerosis reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Biological effects of statins in systemic sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 323 patients.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Decoding the Role of Lipid Metabolism and Membrane Dynamics in Melanoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ali MahmoudiDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
Niki KatsikiDepartment of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, 57400, Greece.
Michal Vrablik3rd Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
Amirhossein SahebkarBiotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. amir_saheb2000@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewStatins are the most widely prescribed class of drugs for cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) prevention due to their potent lipid-lowering effects. However, accumulating evidence demonstrates additional cardioprotective properties of statins mediated through pleiotropic mechanisms unrelated to cholesterol modulation. We aimed to discuss the pleiotropic effects of statins and their relevance to clinical outcomes in 2 reviews: Part I focuses on anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of statins, whereas Part II on statin-induced endothelial function improvement, plaque stabilization and anti-thrombotic effects. Part II also includes a clinical applications and future directions section. RECENT

findingsA literature search was conducted in Embase, Scopus, web of science, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases for experimental and clinical studies investigating the effects of statins on inflammation, oxidative stress and immune function. Statins exert potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities that can be linked to reduced CV events. Statins confer cardio protection via diverse pleiotropic pathways distinct from cholesterol modulation. Future directions involve optimizing regimens to maximize clinical benefits, addressing controversies, and exploring statins' therapeutic potential beyond CVD through non-lipid mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of statins' pleiotropic profile will uncover new preventive strategies and therapeutic applications.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsImmunomodulationInflammationOxidative StressAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantsHumansImmunomodulating AgentsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsImmunomodulating AgentsAnti-inflammatoryAntioxidantCardiovascular diseaseImmunomodulatoryPleiotropic effectsStatins

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.