Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41518482›Full record

ArticleNatural products and bioprospecting2026

Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Polysaccharides protects against diabetic nephropathy via alteration of PI3K/GSK-3β/Nrf2/TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and gut microbiota.

Mei Mei, Huawei Sun, Kai Zhang, Feng Zhang, Shiqing Sun, Yu Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Natural products and bioprospecting, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Comparative Study ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. An Updated and Comprehensive Review ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mei MeiSchool of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
Huawei SunThe First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154002, China.
Kai ZhangSchool of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
Feng ZhangSchool of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
Shiqing SunSchool of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
Yu ZhangSchool of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China. zhangyu@jmsu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-6001

Funding

esearch Project of the Fundamental Research Business Expenses of Provincial Higher Education Institutions in Heilongjiang Province 2020-KYYWF-0284Major Basic Research Project of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions GJ202301
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, a diabetic nephropathy (DN) rat model was established using 2% Streptozocin (STZ) solution, and an in vitro DN model was constructed by stimulating HK-2 cells with 30 mM glucose to investigate the mechanism of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Polysaccharides (PAP) in ameliorating DN. Results demonstrated that PAP, a neutral homogeneous polysaccharide with molecular weight of 1.98 × 105 Da composed of Rha, GalA, Gal, and D-Xyl, exerted renal protective effects through multiple pathways. It enhanced renal antioxidant capacity and alleviated oxidative damage in DN by upregulating PI3K/AKT pathway-related protein expression. Simultaneously, PAP activated the TGF-β/Smad pathway via Nrf2 to mitigate renal fibrosis symptoms in DN, while inhibiting cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, PAP suppressed renal inflammation through gut microbiota reduction, thereby protecting against renal injury in DN rats. This study reveals that PAP alleviates DN symptoms by modulating gut microbiota, enhancing antioxidant and anti-fibrotic capacities, and inhibiting apoptotic pathways, comprehensively elucidating its multifaceted therapeutic mechanisms against DN.

Indexed as

Diabetic nephropathyGut microbiotaPhellodendron amurense Rupr. Polysaccharides

Identifiers

PMID41518482
PMCPMC12790561

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.