ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2026
Associations of lifetime cumulative estrogen exposure with lifecourse social exposures, cognitive decline, and dementia risk among postmenopausal White, Black, and Latina women.
Justina F Avila-Rieger, Benjamin Huber, Sarah E Tom, Whitney R Robinson, Tanisha G Hill-Jarrett, Mateo P Farina, Timothy J Hohman, Nicole Schupf, Adam M Brickman, Richard P Mayeux and 1 more
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In one paragraphArticle in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
11 authors.
Justina F Avila-RiegerDepartment of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States.
Benjamin HuberDepartment of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States.
Sarah E TomDepartment of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0094-5138 Whitney R RobinsonDivision of Women's Community and Population Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4009-0488 Tanisha G Hill-JarrettDepartment of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.
Mateo P FarinaDepartment of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0765-6550 Timothy J HohmanVanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-3377-7014 Nicole SchupfDepartment of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States.
Adam M BrickmanDepartment of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States.
Richard P MayeuxDepartment of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States.
Jennifer J ManlyDepartment of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9481-7497 Funding
Research Education CoreP30AG066462 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI PHILIP L DE JAGER · 2020 to 2026
$30.1MEpidemiological and Genetic Investigations of Blood-Based Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease in the Multiethnic, Washington Heights, Inwood, Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP)R01AG072474 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BRICKMAN, ADAM M, MANLY, JENNIFER JAIE · 2021 to 2025
$13.3MGenetic Epidemiology and Multi-Omics Analyses in Familial and Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Among Secular Caribbean Hispanics and Religious OrderR01AG067501 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI MAYEUX, RICHARD P, MILLER, GARY W · 2020 to 2024
$11.7MResearch Education CoreP30AG059303 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Jennifer Jaie Manly · 2018 to 2026
$6.0MStructural Gendered RacismK23AG084871 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Tanisha G Hill-Jarrett · 2024 to 2026
$593kSocial Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Alzheimer’s Disease.R00AG078440 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Justina Frances Avila-Rieger · 2025 to 2026
$493kSocial Mechanisms Underlying Sex/Gender Inequalities in Alzheimers Disease: An Intersectionality ApproachK99AG078440 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI AVILA-RIEGER, JUSTINA FRANCES · 2022 to 2023
$261kNational Institute on Aging at the National Institutes of Health P30AG059303NIA NIH HHS K23 AG084871NIA NIH HHS K99 AG078440NIA NIH HHS P30 AG059303NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066462NIA NIH HHS R00 AG078440NIA NIH HHS R01 AG067501NIA NIH HHS R01 AG072474
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
objectivesGreater lifetime exposure to estrogen may protect women from cognitive decline and dementia later in life. Gender-related social factors also influence women's cognitive outcomes; however, little is known about how these biological and social influences work together. We examined the extent to which cumulative estrogen exposure and lifecourse social exposures jointly influence late-life memory trajectories and dementia risk among a community-based sample of White, Black, and Latina women.
methodsParticipants were 3,688 postmenopausal women in the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project. Lifetime cumulative estrogen exposure was estimated based on age at menarche and menopause, breastfeeding duration, and hormone replacement therapy use. Lifecourse social factors included birth cohort, childhood socioeconomic status (SES), educational and occupational attainment, and later-life income. Multiple-group growth models and Cox regression models were estimated across racial and ethnic groups.
resultsGreater lifetime estrogen exposure was independently associated with higher baseline memory performance among Black and Latinx women, slower memory decline among White women, and lower dementia risk among Latinx women. Later birth year and higher lifecourse SES were associated with greater lifetime estrogen exposure, with associations varying in magnitude across racial and ethnic groups. Associations between lifecourse SES and each cognitive outcome were partially mediated by estrogen exposure indicators. DISCUSSION: Cumulative estrogen exposure is socially patterned. We found that lifecourse social factors and estrogen exposure synergistically contribute to women's late-life cognitive health outcomes. Understanding how sex-linked biology and gender-related social forces intertwine is essential for developing interventions to decrease dementia risk among women.
Indexed as
Black or African AmericanDementiaEstrogensHispanic or LatinoPostmenopauseWhiteAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMiddle AgedNew YorkRisk FactorsSocioeconomic Disparities in HealthEstrogensAlzheimer’s diseaseCognitive healthReproductive healthSocial determinants
Identifiers
PMID41520153
PMCPMC12997449
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