SynthesisNutrition reviews2026
Effects of Vitamin C and/or E Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Subgroup Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Nutrition reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Antioxidants in Menopausal Transition and Male Late-Onset Hypogonadism for the Prevention of Diabetes.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction at the Intersection of CKM Syndrome: Molecular Mechanisms and Path-to-Target Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextType 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the fastest-growing global health emergencies of the 21st century. However, high antioxidant capacity of supplementation of vitamin C and/or E was inversely associated with insulin resistance. However, each antioxidant possesses a distinct biological function that may be influenced by both dosage and duration of supplementation, potentially resulting in significantly different effects.
objectiveThis meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether vitamin C, vitamin E, or their combination is more effective in improving glycemic control, blood lipids, and blood pressure in individuals with T2D. DATA SOURCES AND DATA EXTRACTION: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for randomized clinical trials, identifying 52 studies (n = 1425 participants). DATA ANALYSIS: Random-effects models were used to assess the effects of vitamin C and/or E supplementation on glycemic control, blood lipid levels, and blood pressure. These findings indicate that supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, or their combination has a comparable effect on glycemic index values, systolic blood pressure, and blood lipid profiles. However, a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure was observed only with vitamin C and combined vitamin C + E supplementation. Additionally, a significant increase in high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) levels was noted exclusively with the combined vitamin C + E supplementation.
conclusionConsequently, supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, and their combination (C + E) exhibited differing effects on HDL levels and systolic blood pressure. However, their effects on glycemic control, diastolic blood pressure, and blood lipids other than HDL were comparable. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023399366.
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Registered trials
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