ReviewCancer discovery2026
Of Barriers and Loops-How Evolution Limits Most Cancer Risks to Older Ages.
Review in Cancer discovery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Does acute inflammation triggered by infection promote cancer progression?PLoS biology · 2026Review
- Context-dependent selection sculpts mutational landscapes in the normal lung.Research square · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The risks and health consequences of cancers increase dramatically at older ages. To develop interventions to limit the impact of cancers, from preventative to therapeutic, we must seek both evolutionary and proximate explanations for this age-dependence. Here, we discuss how natural selection has erected barriers to delay malignancy and maximize reproductive fitness. Each barrier need not be perfect, as long as malignant progression is delayed till older ages. With aging, mechanisms ranging from epigenetic deregulation to inflammation to senescence to mutation-driven clonal expansions contribute to increased cancer pathogenesis through mutually enhancing mechanisms, creating tissue contexts more favorable for malignant evolution. SIGNIFICANCE: Better understanding of the multiple barriers that we have evolved to limit cancer development and how they can fail at older ages could enable the development of preventative and therapeutic interventions that boost these tumor-suppressive mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.