Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41523269›Full record

ArticleFood science & nutrition2026

Sunflower Oil-Beeswax Oleogels and Bigels Enriched With Quercetin-Rich Onion Phenolics for Biscuit Fat Replacement: Physicochemical, Antioxidant, and Stability Outcomes.

Mahmoud Younis, Mohamed Abdelbaset Salama, Diaeldin Omer Abdelkarim, Reham M Kamel, Said El Harkaoui, Mostafa Ali, Eslam Elshaqwir, Mohamed Abdin, Mohamed El-Bana, Mona Hussein Hassan and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Food science & nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Mahmoud YounisChair of Dates Industry and Technology King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9677-7882
Mohamed Abdelbaset SalamaAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Diaeldin Omer AbdelkarimDepartment of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8595-3843
Reham M KamelAgricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0227-3750
Said El HarkaouiMax Rubner-Institut (MRI), Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals, Working Group for Lipid Research Detmold Germany.
Mostafa AliFaculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh Egypt.
Eslam ElshaqwirFaculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh Egypt.
Mohamed AbdinAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Mohamed El-BanaAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Mona Hussein HassanAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Maha GomaaAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Mohamed SalehAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Amira H SharsharAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Amira E Abd El-GwadAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Menna Allah M YoussefAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Shimaa E Abd El-HamedAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7719-9476
Alshaimaa M HamoudaAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Naglaa K BeltagyAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Tahia R Al-KhawagaAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Mariam A El-KhatibAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Nahla A FelaysAgricultural Research Center Food Technology Research Institute Giza Egypt.
Mahmoud ElsayedFood Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture Tanta University Tanta Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study evaluated sunflower oil-beeswax oleogels (OLGL) and bigels (BGL) as fat replacers in biscuits and introduced a phenolic-enriched bigel (BGLX) using a quercetin-rich onion extract. Converting the oleogel to a bigel softened the network and lowered thermal transitions (firmness: 4.37-3.77 N; melting point: 55.4°C-48.4°C for OLGL and BGL, respectively), with only minor, non-significant additional softening in BGLX. Oil binding capacity decreased relative to OLGL (78.35%) in bigels (73.17% BGL; 72.57% BGLX). Phenolic enrichment increased antioxidant capacity in gels (TPC: 3.95-5.62 mg GAE/g; DPPH: 28.15%-39.73% from sunflower oil to BGLX, respectively) and raised thermal resistance (DSC Td: ~229°C to ~248°C for BGL and BGLX, respectively). In biscuits, structured lipids maintained processing functionality and increased moisture retention, with protein and ash unchanged. At Day 0, oxidative status was similar among structured-lipid biscuits; during 90-day ambient storage, peroxide growth was attenuated stepwise and remained within Codex limits (control 8.07 vs. BGLX 4.54 meq O

Indexed as

antioxidant activitybigelfat replacementoleogelphenolic extract

Identifiers

PMID41523269
PMCPMC12780348

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.