ArticleJournal of diabetes research2026
Association Between Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Sepsis Risk in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aims: This retrospective study is aimed at evaluating the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on the risk of sepsis among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: An active-comparator new user design was utilized based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Adult patients diagnosed with T2DM between 2017 and 2020 who initiated either SGLT2i or DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) were included. After 1:2 matching by age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, the study enrolled 34,672 SGLT2i users and 69,344 DPP-4i users. The primary outcome was sepsis, with secondary outcomes including septic shock, organ dysfunction, and mortality. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: SGLT2i users had a significantly lower risk of sepsis than DPP-4i users (10.1% vs. 15.5%; adjusted HR [aHR]: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.74-0.81). The risk of septic shock and mortality in SGLT2i users was also reduced by 30% (aHR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.57-0.87) and 40% (aHR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.54-0.66), respectively, compared with that of DPP-4i users. Conclusions: The findings suggest that SGLT2i is associated with a significantly lower risk of sepsis, septic shock, and mortality compared with that of DPP-4i in patients with T2DM.
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