Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41523928›Full record

ArticleHRB open research2025

What barriers and facilitators to self-management are experienced by mothers who wish to breastfeed but require concurrent pharmacotherapy in the first two years postpartum? A mixed-methods systematic review protocol.

Lucy Hackett, Deirdre M D'Arcy, Juliette O'Connell, Samuel Cromie, Déirdre Daly, Tamasine Grimes

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in HRB open research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Lucy HackettSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6717-5725
Deirdre M D'ArcySchool of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland.
Juliette O'ConnellSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland.
Samuel CromieSchool of Psychology, Áras an Phiarsaigh, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-0435
Déirdre DalySchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 24 D'Olier Street, Dublin 2, D02 T283, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3045-9894
Tamasine GrimesSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-3243

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Breastfeeding is the recommended method of infant feeding. The postpartum period can be a challenging time for women who experience illness requiring pharmacotherapy. However, breastfeeding women may use medication less frequently than their counterparts who are not breastfeeding. Some women report the need for pharmacotherapy as a reason for earlier than desired breastfeeding cessation. The experiences of women in relation to self-management of medication use and breastfeeding are poorly understood. Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to explore the barriers and facilitators to self-management for women who wish to breastfeed but require concurrent pharmacotherapy in the first two years postpartum, using mixed-methods and a systems-based theoretical framework. Methods: Systematic searches will be performed using six electronic bibliographic databases. Dual independent selection, data extraction and quality assessment of studies will be carried out. A convergent integrated approach to data synthesis will be used. The System Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model will be used as a theoretical framework to guide data synthesis. Input and collaboration from public and patient involvement (PPI) contributors will be sought throughout. Conclusion: Enhancing understanding of mothers' self-management experiences when they wish to breastfeed and take medication is arguably key to improving maternal and child health and quality of life. The proposed review will synthesise the available data regarding the barriers and facilitators to self-management for women who face the need for concurrent pharmacotherapy and breastfeeding. In doing so, important supports and unmet needs of this cohort will be revealed. PROSPERO registration number CRD420251000918. Amendments to this protocol will be uploaded as revision notes to any platforms where the protocol was published.

Indexed as

breastfeedingexperienceinfant feedingMedicationpharmacotherapypostpartum

Identifiers

PMID41523928
PMCPMC12789855

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.