Evidence mapPaperPMID 41524044Full record

ArticleReviews in cardiovascular medicine2025

Serum Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Chronic Rheumatic Heart Diseases: Evidence From a Population-Based Prospective Study.

Lingling Xu, Zhixing Fan, Bo Pang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Reviews in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Lingling XuDepartment of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, 430022 Wuhan, Hubei, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1048-0757
Zhixing FanDepartment of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443003 Yichang, Hubei, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3116-4580
Bo PangDepartment of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, 430022 Wuhan, Hubei, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3015-9835

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to systematically investigate the association between serum branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and the risk of chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD), as well as to explore potential mediating mechanisms through immune markers. Methods: The data utilized in this prospective cohort study were derived from the UK Biobank. Serum BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) were measured using metabolic profiling of nuclear magnetic resonance data. Chronic RHD cases were identified through hospital inpatient records and death registries. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to analyze the association between BCAAs and RHD risk. Causal mediation analysis was employed to investigate the mediated role of immune markers. Results: A total of 273,595 participants were included, with 6051 (2.21%) participants developing chronic RHD. Each one-unit standard deviation increase in total BCAAs was associated with a 4.8% increased risk of RHD (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.048, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.023-1.074). Among individual BCAAs, valine exhibited the strongest association (HR = 1.061, 95% CI: 1.035-1.088). Subgroup analyses revealed significantly stronger associations in participants aged <65 years compared to those aged ≥65 years ( Conclusions: Observational data suggest serum BCAAs correlate with increased RHD risk, especially in individuals aged <65 years; however, causation requires experimental verification. Immune markers significantly mediate the BCAA-RHD association, indicating that immunomodulatory pathways may be potential therapeutic targets. These findings provide novel insights into RHD pathogenesis and may inform risk stratification and prevention strategies.

Indexed as

branched-chain amino acidschronic rheumatic heart diseasesimmune markerstherapeutic targets

Identifiers

PMID41524044
PMCPMC12780991

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.