Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41525684›Full record

ArticleJMIR formative research2026

Translation and Validation of the User Version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale Into the Polish Language: Cross-Sectional Methodological Study.

Wojciech Michał Glinkowski, Tomasz Cedro, Joanna Nowicka, Rafał Doniec, Bartłomiej Michalak, Bożena Glinkowska, Stoyan Stoyanov

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR formative research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Wojciech Michał GlinkowskiCenter of Excellence TeleOrto for Telediagnostics and Treatment of Disorders and Injuries of the Locomotor System, Department of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2602-1128
Tomasz CedroPolish Telemedicine and eHealth Society, Warszawa, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0069-1908
Joanna NowickaE-statystyka 24, Sonina 360 B by Łańcut, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7887-1469
Rafał DoniecPolish Telemedicine and eHealth Society, Warszawa, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2535-3932
Bartłomiej MichalakPolish Telemedicine and eHealth Society, Warszawa, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7081-1819
Bożena GlinkowskaPolish Telemedicine and eHealth Society, Warszawa, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3825-9148
Stoyan StoyanovSchool of Psychology, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-3347

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMobile health (mHealth) apps can innovatively diagnose, prevent, and treat many diseases. The increasing use of mHealth apps necessitates an appropriate assessment standard.

objectiveThis study aimed to translate the User Version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS) into Polish, followed by validation, cultural adaptation, and examination of its reliability and validity.

methodsThe Polish version of uMARS was adapted, translated, and validated based on the free STOP COVID ProteGO Safe app available for Android and iOS platforms. A total of 117 participants rated the app using the translated scale and rerated it 1 week later.

resultsThe conceptual equivalence of all items and subscales of the original uMARS and its Polish version was confirmed. The translated uMARS scale exhibited high reliability (Cronbach α=0.95). The perceived test-retest reliability and total influence score were acceptable, with intraclass correlation coefficient values of 0.59 and 0.65, respectively.

conclusionsThe translated scale matched the reliability of the original scale. It can help users choose the best mHealth apps available in Poland and report their quality. The Polish version of uMARS was cross-culturally validated and was found to be as reliable as the original uMARS. The translated and validated uMARS tool can be used to evaluate mHealth apps in various aspects. App developers can reliably assess app components and determine areas that require further improvement and development to deliver higher-quality apps. The Polish version of the uMARS can become a standard tool for evaluating the quality of mHealth apps in Poland.

Indexed as

Mobile ApplicationsAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLanguageMaleMiddle AgedPolandPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesTelemedicineTranslatingTranslationsmHealthmobile healthPolish languagetranslationuMARSUser Version of the Mobile Application Rating Scalevalidation

Identifiers

PMID41525684
PMCPMC12835840

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.