Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41526742›Full record

ArticleNature aging2026

Senotoxins target senescence via lipid binding specificity, ion imbalance and lipidome remodeling.

Javier Moral-Sanz, Isabel Fernández-Carrasco, Valentina Ramponi, Amanda Garrido, Izhar Karbat, Pablo Cabezas-Sainz, Esperanza Rivera-de-Torre, Osama Elsallabi, Roberto Martín-Hernández, José L López-Aceituno and 14 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature aging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. CSPG4 Mediates Inflammatory, Cell Death, and Senescence Responses in Enteric Glia Exposed to Clostridioides difficile Toxins.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Javier Moral-Sanz *Translational Venomics Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nutrition (IMDEA Nutrition), Madrid, Spain. javier.moralsanz@syneoshealth.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8602-8554
Isabel Fernández-Carrasco *Translational Venomics Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nutrition (IMDEA Nutrition), Madrid, Spain.
Valentina RamponiCellular Plasticity and Disease Group, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
Amanda GarridoExperimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-3251
Izhar KarbatDepartments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Pablo Cabezas-SainzDepartment of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
Esperanza Rivera-de-TorreDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0272-6150
Osama ElsallabiMasonic Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Roberto Martín-HernándezCheminformatics & Artificial Intelligence Group, Madrid Institute for Advances Studies in Nutrition (IMDEA Nutrition), Madrid, Spain.
José L López-AceitunoTranslational Venomics Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nutrition (IMDEA Nutrition), Madrid, Spain.
Nathan L PriceExperimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2821-9608
Laura SanchezDepartment of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-5303
Gonzalo ColmenarejoCheminformatics & Artificial Intelligence Group, Madrid Institute for Advances Studies in Nutrition (IMDEA Nutrition), Madrid, Spain.
Álvaro Martínez-Del-PozoDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0043-5939
Irina VetterInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Angel CogolludoDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Francisco Perez-VizcainoDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Jorge Del-PozoR(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9582-1228
Eitan ReuvenyDepartments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4945-9683
Manuel A Fernández-RojoHepatic Regenerative Medicine Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nutrition (IMDEA Nutrition), Madrid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-1951
Paul D RobbinsMasonic Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1068-7099
Rafael de CaboExperimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3354-2442
Manuel SerranoCellular Plasticity and Disease Group, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7177-9312
Maria P IkonomopoulouTranslational Venomics Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nutrition (IMDEA Nutrition), Madrid, Spain. maria.ikonomopoulou@nutricion.imdea.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7739-080X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Senescence is a driver of aging and a barrier to tumor progression, but its persistent accumulation drives inflammation and relapse. Thus, the success of chemotherapy could be jeopardized when senescence emerges in the tumor microenvironment. Here we identified the senolytic properties of a pore-forming toxin, sticholysin I (StnI). StnI and our engineered improved form, StnIG, selectively hampers viability of chemotherapy-induced senescent cancer cells, as well as senescent primary cells. We show that its selectivity is mediated by specific binding and lipid ratios associated with senescence, including compromised membrane bilayer asymmetry. Mechanistically, StnIG triggers sodium and calcium influx and an enduring potassium efflux in senescent cells. Calcium triggers the opening of calcium-activated potassium channels, leading to cell death by apoptosis and pyroptosis. Finally we show that StnIG synergizes with senescence-inducing chemotherapy to drive remission of solid tumors in mice. Our findings define StnI and StnIG as senotoxins with translational potential for cancer therapy.

Indexed as

Lipid MetabolismSenotherapeuticsAnimalsApoptosisCalciumCell Line, TumorCellular SenescenceFemaleHumansLipidomicsMiceMice, Inbred BALB CNeoplasmsOrganic ChemicalsPore Forming Cytotoxic ProteinsCalciumOrganic ChemicalsPore Forming Cytotoxic ProteinsSenotherapeuticsstycholysin I

Identifiers

PMID41526742
PMCPMC12920127

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.