Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41526936›Full record

ReviewStem cell research & therapy2026

Harnessing MSCs plasticity: mechanisms and determinants of bidirectional immune regulation in stem-cell-based immunotherapy.

Xiaotong Ye, Wenxin Huang, Shoucheng Chen, Fang Huang, Yifan He

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Stem cell research & therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaotong Ye *Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
Wenxin Huang *Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
Shoucheng ChenHospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
Fang HuangHospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China. hfang@mail.sysu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3408-8090
Yifan HeHospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510055, China. heyf59@mail.sysu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-4421-4020

Funding

2023 Undergraduate Medical Education Reform Project at Clinical Teaching Bases of General Higher Medical Colleges in Guangdong Province Notice No. 32 of the Guangdong Education Department [2023]National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No. 82401143Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province Grant NO.2024A1515013060
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively investigated and applied in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases owing to their tissue-repair capacity and immunomodulatory properties, and they hold significant promise in cellular immunotherapy. However, therapeutic outcomes of stem-cell-based immunotherapy can be inconsistent, because the immunomodulatory effects of MSCs may undergo dynamic shifts in response to changes in the microenvironment. Research has shown that the inflammatory state of the tissue microenvironment affects the tendency of MSCs to regulate immunity. Under highly inflammatory conditions, MSCs tend to exert immunosuppressive functions, while under low inflammatory conditions, MSCs tend to exhibit immune support. In addition, the physical culture method, pretreatment conditions, and tissue source of stem cells all affect the direction of their immune regulation. Therefore, gaining a deep understanding of the immune regulatory mechanisms of MSCs and their influencing factors is crucial for optimizing their application in stem cell immunotherapy and improving treatment outcomes. This review first explores the potential factors influencing MSCs' bidirectional immune regulation, then discusses the mechanisms underlying the immunosupportive and immunosuppressive effects of MSCs, and finally briefly describes the role of MSCs' bidirectional immune regulation function in disease treatment.

Indexed as

Cell PlasticityImmunomodulationImmunotherapyMesenchymal Stem CellsMesenchymal Stem Cell TransplantationAnimalsHumansImmune supportImmune suppressionImmunomodulationMesenchymal stem cellsStem cell therapy

Identifiers

PMID41526936
PMCPMC12888514

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.