SynthesisJournal of health, population, and nutrition2026
Association between dietary habits and risk of functional dyspepsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational data.
Synthesis in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Role of Diet in Functional Dyspepsia.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The Effects of Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, and Monosaccharides and Polyols on Dyspeptic Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.Health science reports · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveDietary habits may influence functional dyspepsia (FD), but their role remains inconclusive and unclear. These inconsistencies highlight the need for further research to establish evidence-based dietary guidelines. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the link between dietary habits and FD, and their potential as modifiable factors in FD management.
designIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, a comprehensive search was conducted up to December 2025.
settingStudies were identified in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus.
participantsWe included observational studies involving adults with FD that investigated the association between various dietary habits and FD.
resultsAfter screening 2,640 articles, we identified 11 studies comprising 21,220 participants. The meta-analysis revealed that spicy food consumption significantly increased the risk of FD by 32% (n = 4, OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.04-1.67), as well as epigastric pain (n = 4, OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.22-1.75) and epigastric burning (n = 4, OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.21-1.78). Additionally, higher meal frequency was associated with a reduced risk of FD (n = 2, OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32-0.86). There was no significant association between spicy food consumption and early satiety or postprandial fullness.
conclusionThis study indicated that spicy food consumption might be associated with an increased risk of FD, epigastric pain, and burning. However, higher meal frequency might have protective effect on FD. Further high-quality studies are warranted to confirm these results.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.