Evidence mapPaperPMID 41527221Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Change in body mass index and disease burden among people with obesity and multiple long-term conditions.

Kamlesh Khunti, Alex Mourer, Silvia Capucci, Lua Wilkinson, Klaus K Andersen, Abd A Tahrani, Camilla S Morgen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kamlesh KhuntiDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2343-7099
Alex MourerNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
Silvia CapucciNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0007-5729-3026
Lua WilkinsonNovo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA.
Klaus K AndersenNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
Abd A TahraniNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
Camilla S MorgenNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-4121-2259

Funding

Novo Nordisk A/S
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsObesity is a risk factor for multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs/multimorbidity). However, the impact of weight loss in people with MLTCs is unclear. We investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) change and the development of obesity-related complications (ORCs), as well as clinical and economic outcomes in individuals with obesity and MLTCs. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis cohort study included adults aged ≤70 years with BMI ≥30 kg/m

resultsA total of 618 426 individuals were included. The mean number of ORCs at index (Year 4) was 3.8 (standard deviation 1.5). HRs (95% confidence intervals) for incident ORCs were 0.96 (0.94-0.98), 0.98 (0.96-0.99) and 0.98 (0.97-0.99) for the highest to lowest BMI reductions, respectively; BMI increases were associated with HRs >1.00. Risk ratios for consultations were 0.99 (0.98-1.00), 0.99 (0.98-1.00) and 1.00 (0.99-1.00). BMI reductions were linked to lower polypharmacy rates. Both BMI decrease and increase were associated with higher HRs for mental-health conditions, hospitalisation and mortality versus stable BMI.

conclusionsWeight loss in individuals with obesity and MLTCs was linked to both favourable and adverse outcomes, highlighting the importance of personalised treatment approaches that consider outcomes beyond weight loss.

Indexed as

Body Mass IndexCost of IllnessMultiple Chronic ConditionsObesityAdultAgedCohort StudiesFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsWeight LossBMImultiple long‐term conditionsobesityobesity‐related complicationsweight gainweight loss

Identifiers

PMID41527221
PMCPMC12992175

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.