Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41527438›Full record

ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Trojan Horse Strategy: How Biomimetic Nanomedicine Remodels the Tumor Microenvironment.

Wanrong Wang, Siqi Mu, Juan Zhang, Guisong Shan, Xueqian Li, Ran Wang, Tao Guo, Xiaoyan He

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Trojan Horse Strategy: How Biomimetic Nanomedicine Remodels the Tumor Microenvironment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  4. Emerging Nanoplatforms are Effective Against Tumor Hypoxia.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Wanrong WangSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China.
Siqi MuDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
Juan ZhangSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China.
Guisong ShanSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China.
Xueqian LiSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China.
Ran WangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China.
Tao GuoDepartment of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
Xiaoyan HeSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-563X

Funding

Grants for Scientific Research of BSKY from Anhui Medical University XJ201909Scientific Research Foundation of the Educational Department of Anhui Province 2024AH050674Scientific Research Level Improvement Plan of Anhui Medical University 2021xkjT017Special Fund for Scientific Research of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation 320.6750.2025-21-22
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biomimetics is an interdisciplinary field that involves studying the structures, functions, principles, and behaviors of biological systems to draw inspiration and apply this knowledge to technological innovation and engineering design, thereby addressing complex challenges. ​​Biomimetic nanomedicine​​ represents a specific application of biomimetics within the realm of nanomedicine, where biological components are mimicked to construct sophisticated nanodrug delivery systems. These biomimetic nanosystems exhibit multiple unique advantages, including ​​targeted delivery to cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME)​​, ​​prolonged in vivo circulation time​​, ​​enhanced antigen/adjuvant loading capacity​​, and ​​high biocompatibility​​. These properties collectively ​​enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and photodynamic therapy (PDT)​​ by improving tumor-specific targeting and reducing off-target toxicity, thereby establishing biomimetic nanomedicines as ​​a promising platform for reprogramming the TME​​. This review highlights the ​​categorization​​, ​​design principles​​, and ​​manufacturing strategies​​ of biomimetic nanodrugs, providing a ​​systematic review​​ of the interplay between the TME and ​​biomimetic nanomedicines​​, and elucidating how their interaction potentiates tumor-killing efficacy​​. Despite encouraging progress in biomimetic nanomedicines, challenges remain in their clinical translation, including biosafety concerns, scalable manufacturing processes, and optimal drug delivery efficiency. Advances in nanotechnology and precision engineering offer promising avenues for developing personalized biomimetic nanomedicines.

Indexed as

Biomimetic MaterialsBiomimeticsDrug Delivery SystemsNanomedicineNeoplasmsTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsHumansImmunotherapybiomimetic nanomedicinescancer immunotherapycell membrane camouflagetumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41527438
PMCPMC12915109

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.