ArticleHealth science reports2026
Incidence, Associated Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Postoperative Anxiety in Elderly: A Retrospective Observational Study.
Article in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aims: Postoperative anxiety (POA) is a frequently underrecognized complication in elderly surgical patients, with potential impacts on recovery and long-term mental health. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of POA, identify associated risk factors, and evaluate its short-term consequences in elderly individuals undergoing surgery. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among patients aged 65 years and older who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia between May 2020 and March 2021. Anxiety was measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale at baseline and during the first 7 days postoperatively. Postoperative pain, sleep quality, and other clinical outcomes were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent risk factors for POA, and subgroup analyses were performed based on gender, frailty status, and surgery type. Missing data were handled using multiple imputation. Results: Among 308 eligible patients, 51.9% developed POA within 7 days post-surgery. The highest incidence occurred after orthopedic (64.6%) and urologic (60%) procedures. POA was significantly associated with worse postoperative pain (higher NRS scores, increased use of rescue analgesia) and poorer sleep quality on postoperative days 1-3. Multivariable analysis revealed that preoperative anxiety (OR, 3.60; 95% CI, 1.76-7.40) and preoperative sleep disturbance (OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.82-6.13) were identified as independent risk factors of POA. Anxiety at 30 and 90 days after surgery was significantly increased compared with those without POA (26% vs 15% and 22% vs 12%, respectively). Conclusion: POA is prevalent in elderly surgical patients and is associated with worse early postoperative outcomes. Screening for anxiety and sleep disturbances before surgery may help identify high-risk individuals. Early psychological or sleep-focused interventions could improve recovery and prevent persistent anxiety symptoms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.