Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41529424›Full record

ArticleMaturitas2026

Menopause and multiple sclerosis: A scoping review of symptoms, disease course, and lived experience.

Dawn Morgan, Victoria Aviado Flores, Stephanie Buxhoeveden, Robert Motl, Natalie Brounsuzian, Alexandra Christina Simpson, Jennifer Hill, Yolanda Hardy, Cristina Almeida Flores Román

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Maturitas, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Neurology of Menopause.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Dawn MorganAccelerated Cure Project for Multiple Sclerosis, 406 Totten Pond Rd, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA. Electronic address: dmorganij@gmail.com.
Victoria Aviado FloresCollege of Health and Community Well-Being, University of La Verne, 1950 3rd Street, La Verne, CA, 91750, USA. Electronic address: vflores@laverne.edu.
Stephanie BuxhoevedenAccelerated Cure Project for Multiple Sclerosis, 406 Totten Pond Rd, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA. Electronic address: sbuxhoeveden@acceleratedcure.org.
Robert MotlDepartment of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. Electronic address: robmotl@uic.edu.
Natalie BrounsuzianDepartment of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; Roosevelt University, 1400 N Roosevelt Blvd, Schaumburg, IL, 60173, USA. Electronic address: nbrounsuzian@roosevelt.edu.
Alexandra Christina SimpsonDepartment of Neurology, University of Virginia, 1212 Lee St, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA. Electronic address: ZSK3NE@uvahealth.org.
Jennifer HillAccelerated Cure Project for Multiple Sclerosis, 406 Totten Pond Rd, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA. Electronic address: jhill@acceleratedcure.org.
Yolanda HardyGregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, 901 S Flagler Dr, West Palm Beach, FL, 33401, USA. Electronic address: yolanda_hardy@pba.edu.
Cristina Almeida Flores RománKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA; Kessler Foundation, 120 Eagle Rock Ave, East Hanover, NJ, 07936, USA. Electronic address: cristina.a.roman@gmail.com.

Funding

Healthcare Factors and Cardiovascular Risk Influences on Accelerated Brain Aging and Disability in Hispanic Persons with Multiple SclerosisK23MD019232 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Cristina A. F. Román · 2023 to 2026
$422k
NIMHD NIH HHS K23 MD019232NIMHD NIH HHS L32 MD019916
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Menopause influences disease activity in women with multiple sclerosis. This scoping review mapped current evidence on menopause in women with multiple sclerosis across symptom, disease, biological, and lived experience domains. This review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and was preregistered on Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/H8QBM). PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for studies between January 1, 2018, and April 29, 2025. Two reviewers independently screened records with third-party adjudication. Eligible studies included women with multiple sclerosis (peri-, menopausal, or postmenopausal) and examined menopause-related outcomes. Data were synthesized descriptively across four domains: symptomatology, disease course, biological mechanisms, and quantitative patient perspectives. Of 7862 records, 19 studies were included, of which 18 were observational (cross-sectional, retrospective, longitudinal) and one a feasibility trial of menopausal hormone therapy. Menopause definitions varied (≥12 months amenorrhea, self-reported, biological, or analytic/time-varying). Most participants had relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis with mild to moderate disability. Relapse activity declined after menopause, whereas indices of neurodegeneration and functional decline worsened. Symptoms often intensified and overlapped with aging. No studies captured patient perspectives using qualitative or mixed-method designs and relied solely on patient-reported outcomes. Evidence suggests menopause may accelerate multiple sclerosis progression, with reduced inflammation but greater neurodegeneration and symptom burden. Research is constrained by heterogeneity in accounting for age, inconsistent menopause definitions, and lack of qualitative studies. Clinicians should recognize overlapping menopausal and multiple sclerosis symptoms to inform individualized care. Future priorities include standardized menopause definitions and age-specific analytic frameworks in future mechanistic and qualitative MS research.

Indexed as

MenopauseMultiple SclerosisDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansdisability progressionhormonal transitionlifespan healthmenopauseMultiple sclerosiswomen's health

Identifiers

PMID41529424
PMCPMC13037028

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.