ReviewDiabetes & metabolism journal2026
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors as Emerging Anticancer Agents.
Review in Diabetes & metabolism journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in breast cancer patients on endocrine therapy: a targeted strategy to mitigate long-term cardiometabolic risk.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Empagliflozin enhances cisplatin activity in chemo-resistant EJ138 bladder cancer cells: The importance of anti-diabetic medications in cancer treatment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are established treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease, with well-documented metabolic and cardiorenal benefits. Emerging evidence indicates that these agents may also exert anticancer effects through mechanisms independent of glucose lowering. Preclinical studies have demonstrated functional SGLT2 expression in tumors such as prostate, pancreatic, breast, colorectal, and bone cancers. Inhibition of SGLT2 decreases tumor glucose uptake, disrupts mitochondrial respiration with subsequent adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation, and induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. Immunomodulatory effects, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) degradation and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3)-interferon-β (IFN-β) pathway activation, further illustrate their pleiotropic effects. Observational cohort studies, particularly from nationwide Korean databases, report reduced risks of pancreatic and prostate cancer among new users of SGLT2 inhibitors. In contrast, randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses focused on cardiovascular outcomes demonstrate neutral effects on overall cancer risk, providing reassurance regarding safety. Early translational studies suggest that combining SGLT2 inhibitors with chemotherapy is feasible and tolerable. In this review, we summarize the biological rationale and mechanistic insights underlying the anticancer effects of SGLT2 inhibitors, highlight preclinical and clinical evidence across different cancer types, and discuss challenges and future directions for their integration into oncology.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.