Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41533436›Full record

ArticleClinical and translational gastroenterology2026

Serum and Urinary Metabolomics Reflect the Early Stages of De Novo Metabolic Syndrome After Liver Transplant: A 2-Center Longitudinal Study.

I Jane Cox, Mette M Lauridsen, Adrien Le Guennec, Andrew Fagan, Anas Aljabi, Geena G Heitmann, Thresiamma Lukose, Elizabeth C Verna, Jasmohan S Bajaj

Erratum issuedAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and translational gastroenterology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

I Jane CoxRoger Williams Institute of Liver Studies, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Foundation for Liver Research and King's College Hospital, London, UK.
Mette M LauridsenDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Adrien Le GuennecRandall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics and Center for Biomolecular Spectroscopy, King's College London, London, UK.
Andrew FaganDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Anas AljabiDepartment of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond Virginia Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Geena G HeitmannCenter for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Thresiamma LukoseCenter for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Elizabeth C VernaCenter for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Jasmohan S BajajDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4928-3681

Funding

NCATS NIH HHS R21TR003095U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs 1I01CX002472, 2I01CX001076
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionLiver transplantation (LT) recipients are at high risk of developing de novo metabolic syndrome (MetS), which contributes to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity. This study investigated serum and urinary metabolic changes after LT to identify microbial and metabolic markers associated with MetS development.

methodsWe conducted a prospective, 2-center longitudinal study with biospecimen collection pre-LT and at 6 months, 1 year, and 2-9 years post-LT. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to characterize serum and urine metabolomic profiles from 73 to 44 patients, respectively. MetS was defined as body mass index >30 kg/m 2 plus at least 1 additional metabolic abnormality.

resultsMetS prevalence increased from 11% pre-LT to 36% post-LT. Post-LT, serum metabolite profiles showed increased phosphocholines and lipid-CH 3 (low density lipoprotein), whereas urine profiles demonstrated higher levels of trimethylamine- N -oxide (TMAO) and phenylacetylglutamine. Patients who developed or had persistent MetS exhibited smaller increases in serum phosphocholines and lipid-CH 3 but greater elevations in urinary TMAO levels compared with patients who remained MetS-free. DISCUSSION: LT is followed by distinct metabolic shifts reflecting changes in both hepatic lipid metabolism and gut-liver microbial cometabolism. Elevated urinary TMAO, together with reduced serum phosphocholine and lipid-CH 3 responses, characterize patients who develop post-LT MetS and may serve as early biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in LT recipients.

Indexed as

Liver TransplantationMetabolic SyndromePostoperative ComplicationsAdultAgedBiomarkersFemaleGlutamineHumansLongitudinal StudiesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMaleMetabolomicsMethylaminesMiddle AgedPhosphorylcholineBiomarkersGlutamineMethylaminesphenylacetylglutaminePhosphorylcholinetrimethyloxamineammonialipidlongitudinalmetabolomicsmicrobiome function

Identifiers

PMID41533436
PMCPMC13008239

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.