Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41535522›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

NiCd/ZnO nanocomposites: novel materials for photocatalytic degradation of Allura Red dye.

Shakeel Khan, Muhammad Sadiq, Niaz Muhammad, Awal Noor, Sadaf Qayyum, Mohd Farhan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Shakeel KhanDepartment of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan.
Muhammad SadiqDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (Lower), Pakistan.
Niaz MuhammadDepartment of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan. drniaz@awkum.edu.pk.
Awal NoorDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. anoor@kfu.edu.sa.
Sadaf QayyumDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Mohd FarhanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

King Faisal University Grant No. KFU252791
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pristine ZnO, binary CdZnO, and ternary NiCdZnO nanocomposites were synthesized via simple co-precipitation method and systematically characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM/HRTEM, EDX mapping, Raman spectroscopy, PL, DRS, UV-VIS, and BET analyses. The results confirmed well-crystalline hexagonal wurtzite structures with controlled morphology, mesoporosity, and band-gap tuning (3.2 eV for ZnO, 3.0 eV for CdZnO, and 2.45 eV for NiCdZnO). Photoluminescence analysis revealed reduced electron-hole recombination in the Cd- and Ni-modified nanocomposites. Under UV-VIS irradiation, NiCdZnO achieved 95% degradation of Allura Red (AR) dye within 50 min, compared with 80% for CdZnO and 50% for ZnO, following pseudo-first-order kinetics. COD analysis further confirmed strong mineralization, with NiCdZnO showing 95-100% reduction at 10 ppm, outperforming CdZnO (80%) and ZnO (65%). Radical scavenging experiments indicated the involvement of reactive oxygen species, while recyclability tests demonstrated stable performance. These results indicate that Cd and Ni incorporation into ZnO can generate a synergistic enhancement in photocatalytic activity, and the present study provides a detailed evaluation of this co-modified system for the degradation of AR dye, a target pollutant that has not been widely explored with such nanocomposites.

Indexed as

Allura Red dyeCdZnONiCdZnOPhotocatalytic degradationWastewater treatmentZnO

Identifiers

PMID41535522
PMCPMC12962357

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.