Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41535590›Full record

ReviewArchives of toxicology2026

Pathophysiology of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra, Celia María Curieses Andrés, Elena Bustamante Munguira, Celia Andrés Juan, Eduardo Pérez-Lebeña

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Archives of toxicology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Process Optimization ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  6. ROS-CaArchives of microbiology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Green-ExtractedAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

José Manuel Pérez de la LastraInstitute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, 38206, La Laguna, Spain. jm.perezdelalastra@csic.es.ORCID 0000-0003-4663-5565
Celia María Curieses AndrésHospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida de Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain.
Elena Bustamante MunguiraHospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avenida de Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain.
Celia Andrés JuanCinquima Institute and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Valladolid University, Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
Eduardo Pérez-LebeñaSistemas de Biotecnología y Recursos Naturales, 47625, Valladolid, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are context-dependent mediators that function as second messengers at low, localized flux and as drivers of damage when production overruns buffering capacity. Outcomes are dictated by source identity, subcellular compartment and pulse kinetics—the “where–when–how much” rule. We synthesize advances (2015–2025) across principal generators—mitochondrial electron transport, NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidoreductase and ER/peroxisomal oxidoreductases—to show how compartmental H2O2 microgradients encode reversible cysteine signaling, while iron-rich niches pivot chemistry toward peroxynitrite, Fenton-derived ·OH, lipid peroxidation and regulated cell death (apoptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos). We integrate these mechanisms with endothelial dysfunction, innate immune priming, ECM remodeling and barrier failure across cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, oncologic, pulmonary, renal and critical-illness contexts, emphasizing crosstalk with RNS/RSS and iron metabolism as key modulators. Methodologically, we advocate species-resolved, compartment-aware assessment—e.g., DHE → 2-OH-E⁺ HPLC for O2·−, targeted HyPer/roGFP-Orp for H2O2 and peroxiredoxin redox state—embedded in composite panels that pair flux with damage footprints and iron/ferroptosis metrics for attribution and trial guidance. Therapeutically, we argue against indiscriminate antioxidant loading in favor of node-specific, compartment-targeted modulation (NOX/NOS tuning, mitochondrial QC/RET tempering, ER redox control, iron/ferroptosis management, calibrated sulfur-axis support), implemented as time-staged sequences and titrated to biomarkers. Clarifying which species arise, where and when, reframes ROS from generic toxicity to precision redox modulation with translational impact.

Indexed as

Oxidative StressReactive Oxygen SpeciesAnimalsHumansOxidation-ReductionSignal TransductionReactive Oxygen SpeciesEndoplasmic reticulumFerroptosisMitochondrial ROSNADPH oxidases (NOX/DUOX)Oxidative stressPeroxiredoxinsPeroxisomesPeroxynitriteReactive oxygen speciesRedox biomarkersRedox signalingReverse electron transportRNS/RSS crosstalk

Identifiers

PMID41535590
PMCPMC12886351

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.