Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41536095›Full record

ArticleWorld psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)2026

Stanford neuromodulation therapy for treatment-resistant depression: a randomized controlled trial confirming efficacy, and an EEG study providing insight into mechanism of action and a potentially predictive biomarker of efficacy.

Ian H Kratter, Christopher W Austelle, Jennifer I Lissemore, Masataka Wada, Andrew Geoly, Anna Chaiken, Irakli Kaloiani, Noriah Johnson, Stephanie Wan, Lena Kozyr and 21 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors.

Ian H KratterDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Christopher W AustelleDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jennifer I LissemoreDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Masataka WadaDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Andrew GeolyDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Anna ChaikenDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Irakli KaloianiDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Noriah JohnsonDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stephanie WanDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Lena KozyrDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Ethan MakarewyczDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Brendan WongDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Malvika SridharDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Flint M EspilDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nick BassanoDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Bora KimDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jarrod EhrieDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Adi Maron-KatzDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Claudia TischlerDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Romina NejadDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jean-Marie BatailDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Angela L PhillipsDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Eleanor J ColeDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Tiffany J FordDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Brandon S BentzleyDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Booil JoDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Alan F SchatzbergDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
David SpiegelDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Cammie RolleDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Gregory L SahlemDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nolan R WilliamsDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Funding

TRAINING THE NEXT GENERATION OF MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCHERSR25MH060482 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI DANIEL H MATHALON, Susan M. Voglmaier · 2000 to 2026
$5.2M
Utilizing changes in human brain connectivity to establish a dose-response relationship involved in the therapeutic actions of prefrontal brain stimulation on depression symptomsR01MH122754 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI WILLIAMS, NOLAN R. · 2020 to 2024
$2.7M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH122754NIMH NIH HHS R25 MH060482
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stanford neuromodulation therapy (SNT) is a rapid-acting, high-dose, intermittent theta-burst stimulation protocol. Although it has previously demonstrated efficacy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), replication in a larger sample is needed. Additionally, the electrophysiological effects of SNT remain unknown. Here we report results from a new double-blind, sham-controlled RCT along with electroencephalography (EEG) findings from the initial and current trials. In the current RCT, 53 participants with TRD were enrolled, and 48 who continued to meet entry criteria were randomized to receive active (N=24) or sham (N=24) SNT. At 1-month, remission (primary outcome) was achieved in 50.0% of active vs. 20.8% of sham participants (χ

Indexed as

beta powerintermittent theta‐burst stimulationleft anterior cingulate cortexleft dorsolateral prefrontal cortexrepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationStanford neuromodulation therapy (SNT)treatment‐resistant depression

Identifiers

PMID41536095
PMCPMC12805067

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.