Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41537174›Full record

ReviewSmall science2026

Regulatory T Cells and Nanomaterials: Dual Perspectives in Therapeutics and Immunomodulation.

Yiyin Chen, Haibo Huang, Xiang Wang, Xinghao Yu, Ziyan Huang, Zhou Jin, Chen Chen, Yan Chen, Bruce R Blazar, Yang Xu and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Small science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yiyin ChenThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215000 China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5625-5910
Haibo HuangTaizhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Taizhou 225300 China.
Xiang WangXinghua People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Taizhou 225700 China.
Xinghao YuThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215000 China.
Ziyan HuangThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215000 China.
Zhou JinThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215000 China.
Chen ChenDepartment of Anesthesiology The First People's Hospital of Changzhou Changzhou 213000 China.
Yan ChenDepartment of General Surgery Wujin Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University and The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University Changzhou 213000 China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1081-9030
Bruce R BlazarDepartment of Pediatrics Division of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-9841
Yang XuThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215000 China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4643-2098
Yunjie LuThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215000 China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5786-717X

Funding

Trial Design and Biostatistical Support CoreP01CA065493 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI Bruce R Blazar · 1995 to 2026
$48.2M
Nontoxic Strategies to Establish Allochimerism in MiceR01HL063452 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI BLAZAR, BRUCE R · 1999 to 2012
$4.3M
Nongenotoxic conditioning for gene therapy and allogeneic transplantation in Fanconi anemiaR01HL147324 · NHLBI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Bruce R Blazar, HANS-PETER KIEM · 2020 to 2026
$4.1M
Exploiting the VISTA Pathway to Prevent Acute GVHD and Control Steroid Refractory DiseaseR01HL155114 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI BLAZAR, BRUCE R, NOELLE, RANDOLPH J. · 2021 to 2024
$2.7M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA065493NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL063452NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL147324NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL155114
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) orchestrate immune tolerance, protecting against autoimmunity and promoting transplant tolerance, yet they can also facilitate tumor immune evasion. Advances in nanotechnology now permit high-precision manipulation of Treg biology. Tailored polymeric, lipid-based, inorganic, and biomimetic nanoparticles can be engineered to deliver antigens, cytokines, small-molecule drugs, antibodies, or nucleic acids that selectively expand or stabilize Tregs for tolerogenic therapy; the same design principles can be inverted to inhibit or deplete intratumoral Tregs, thereby restoring effective antitumor immunity. Beyond intentional therapies, the review also explores unintended immunological consequences of nanoparticles, such as inadvertent induction of Tregs or broader immunosuppressive responses, and how Tregs can conversely limit the efficacy of nanoparticle-based vaccines or cancer nanotherapies. Outstanding challenges related to targeting efficiency, safety, manufacturability, and combinatorial therapeutic strategies are outlined, and prospective avenues for future investigation are highlighted. Collectively, emerging data position Treg-focused nanomedicine as a versatile and clinically relevant toolkit for restoring or unleashing immunity across autoimmunity, transplantation, and oncology.

Indexed as

autoimmunitycancer immunotherapiesnanoparticlesregulatory T cellstransplant tolerance

Identifiers

PMID41537174
PMCPMC12798795

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.