Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41537461›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026

The Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementias (GARD) cohort: Over a decade of Asia's largest longitudinal multimodal study.

Kyu Yeong Choi, Sarang Kang, Seungho Cook, Donghe Li, Yu Yong Choi, Eun Hyun Seo, Xudong Han, Jung Eun Park, Suyeon Lee, Sunjae Lee and 15 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Kyu Yeong ChoiGwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Sarang KangGwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Seungho CookGwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Donghe LiBiomedical Genetics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Yu Yong ChoiGwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Eun Hyun SeoGwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Xudong HanBiomedical Genetics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jung Eun ParkGwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Suyeon LeeDepartment of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Sunjae LeeDepartment of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Ji Yeon ChungDepartment of Neurology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Ari ChongDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Seong-Min ChoiDepartment of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Jung-Min HaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Min Kyung SongDepartment of Neurology, Gwangju City Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Jung Sup LeeGwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Il Han ChooDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Chosun University School of Medicine and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Ja-Hae KimDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Ho-Chun SongDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Byeong C KimDepartment of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Hoowon KimDepartment of Neurology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Lindsay A FarrerBiomedical Genetics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jungsoo GimGwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Gyungah R JunBiomedical Genetics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Kun Ho LeeGwangju Alzheimer's and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.

Funding

Brain Pool program funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT through the National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2024-00407198by the Technology Innovation Program (20022810, Development and Demonstration of a Digital System for the evaluation of geriatric Cognitive impairment) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea)Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea HR22C141105Korea National Institute of Health research project 2023-ER1007-01the KBRI Basic Research Program through the Korea Brain Research Institute, funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT 25-BR-03-05the Original Technology Research Program for Brain Science of the National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government, MSIT NRF-2014M3C7A1046041the Technology Innovation Program funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea RS-2024-00433283
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a major public health concern in Korea, with a high prevalence among older adults. A community-based longitudinal study is essential for tracking disease progression, identifying biomarkers, and developing targeted prevention and treatment strategies. The Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementias (GARD) cohort was established to address these needs through a multimodal approach.

methodsParticipants aged ≥60 years undergo comprehensive clinical evaluations, neuroimaging, and biospecimen collection for multi-omics analyses (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metagenomics) at baseline and systematic follow-up visits.

resultsFrom over 17,000 screened individuals, 12,877 were enrolled. Baseline diagnoses include 5,123 cognitively unimpaired (CU), 3,250 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 2,125 AD dementia. The resource includes magnetic resonance imaging scans (n = 10,843) and extensive multi-omics data: genomic (n = 10,775), proteomic (n = 116), and microbiome (n = 595). DISCUSSION: The integrated GARD dataset provides a powerful and scalable resource for identifying novel biomarkers, understanding disease heterogeneity, and advancing precision medicine for AD. HIGHLIGHTS: Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementias (GARD) is a large-scale, longitudinal, community-based cohort study in South Korea. The study focuses on early detection and monitoring of dementia progression. GARD includes cognitive testing, imaging, biospecimens, and multi-omics data. We aim to identify Korean-specific biomarkers predictive of cognitive decline. Supports East Asian insights and fills gaps in global Alzheimer's research.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCognitive DysfunctionAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersCohort StudiesDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedMultiomicsNeuroimagingProteomicsBiomarkersAlzheimer's diseasecohort studyearly diagnosisKorean populationlongitudinal studymulti‐modal datamulti‐omicsneuroimaging

Identifiers

PMID41537461
PMCPMC12805525

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.