Evidence mapPaperPMID 41540169Full record

ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2026

Biopolymeric Zein Protein Nanoparticles for Oral Vildagliptin Delivery: Fabrication, Statistical Optimization, and In Vivo Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Insights.

Asmaa Ashraf Nemr, Abdelhamid Ibrahim Elshafey, Amir Ibrahem Mohamed Ali, Mona Mohamed Elkhatib, Mahmoud Teaima, Mohamed A El-Nabarawi, Mai Ahmed Tawfik

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Asmaa Ashraf NemrDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt. Asmaa.nemr@pharma.cu.edu.eg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2435-2698
Abdelhamid Ibrahim ElshafeyDepartment of Industrial Pharmacy, Egyptian Military Medical Academy, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9722-9631
Amir Ibrahem Mohamed AliDepartment of Industrial Pharmacy, Egyptian Military Medical Academy, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2053-2050
Mona Mohamed ElkhatibDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0998-5638
Mahmoud TeaimaDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7565-301X
Mohamed A El-NabarawiDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0070-1969
Mai Ahmed TawfikDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8830-6781

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vildagliptin (VLD) is a powerful oral hypoglycemic agent used in the management of type II diabetes. The goal of the current research was to develop VLD-loaded zein protein-based nanoparticles (VLD-ZP NPs) for enhancing their oral hypoglycemic effect, achieving a sustained release profile, and addressing the issues associated with rapid metabolism and side effects. A 2

Indexed as

AdamantaneNanoparticlesNitrilesPyrrolidinesZeinAdministration, OralAnimalsBiological AvailabilityDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersDrug LiberationHypoglycemic AgentsMaleParticle SizeRatsVildagliptinAdamantaneDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersHypoglycemic AgentsNitrilesPyrrolidinesVildagliptinZeinDiabetes mellitusOral deliveryPharmacokinetics and PharmacodynamicsVildagliptinZein protein-based nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID41540169

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.