Evidence mapPaperPMID 41540395Full record

ArticleBMC gastroenterology2026

Tofogliflozin attenuates liver steatosis and fibrosis in non-diabetic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis mice.

Yoshinori Ozono, Hiroshi Kawakami, Hiroshi Hatada, Naomi Uchiyama, Souichiro Ogawa, Keisuke Uchida, Hotaka Tamura, Yuri Komaki, Kenichi Nakamura, Hisayoshi Iwakiri and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yoshinori Ozono *Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Hiroshi Kawakami *Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan. hiropon@med.miyazaki-u.ac.jp.
Hiroshi HatadaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Naomi UchiyamaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Souichiro OgawaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Keisuke UchidaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Hotaka TamuraDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Yuri KomakiDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Kenichi NakamuraDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Hisayoshi IwakiriDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Satoru HasuikeDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.
Kenji NagataDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 5200, 889-1601, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease with increasing global prevalence. Although diabetes is a major factor in NAFLD progression, up to 75% of the patients with NAFLD do not have diabetes. Tofogliflozin (Tofo), a sodium-glucose cotransporter type-2 inhibitor, is widely used in patients with type 2 diabetes. Several clinical trials with Tofo have shown its beneficial effects in NAFLD patients with diabetes; however, currently, there are limited data on NAFLD patients without diabetes.

methodsC57Bl/6J mice were fed a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) as a model of non-diabetic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The mice were fed either a normal diet or CDAHFD for 12 weeks, and received either vehicle or Tofo based on their assigned group for 12 weeks.

resultsTofo treatment attenuated CDAHFD-induced liver steatosis and fibrosis. The percentage of monocyte-derived macrophages in the liver, which was significantly increased in the CDAHFD-fed mice, was reduced by Tofo treatment. Furthermore, Tofo treatment increased the hepatic protein and mRNA expression levels related to fatty acid oxidation, which was decreased in CDAHFD-fed mice. Additionally, Tofo treatment decreased the hepatic protein and mRNA expression levels related to fatty acid synthesis, which was increased in CDAHFD-fed mice.

conclusionTofo may be a potential candidate for inhibiting liver steatosis and fibrosis via an alternative pathway, unlike glucose metabolism, in NAFLD patients without diabetes.

Indexed as

Benzhydryl CompoundsGlucosidesLiver CirrhosisNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAnimalsDiet, High-FatDisease Models, AnimalLiverMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BL6-((4-ethylphenyl)methyl)-3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-6'-(hydroxymethyl)spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),2'-(2H)pyran)-3',4',5'-triolBenzhydryl CompoundsGlucosidesSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCDAHFDDiabetesNAFLDNASHTofogliflozin

Identifiers

PMID41540395
PMCPMC12892747

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.