Evidence mapPaperPMID 41540479Full record

ArticleActa neuropathologica communications2026

Running exercise mitigates amyloidosis in 5xFAD mice by improving the structure and function of the meningeal lymphatic system.

Onanong Mee-Inta, Yu-Yi Chiang, Sheng-Feng Tsai, Tzu-Mo Yang, Zi-Wei Zhao, Tzu-Feng Wang, Hsin-Yi Wu, Chien-Wei Hsiung, Pao-Chi Liao, Hsueh-Te Lee and 3 more

Abstract read
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Article in Acta neuropathologica communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Onanong Mee-IntaChakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand.
Yu-Yi ChiangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Sheng-Feng TsaiDepartment of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Tzu-Mo YangInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Zi-Wei ZhaoInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Tzu-Feng WangDepartment of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Hsin-Yi WuInstrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chien-Wei HsiungDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Pao-Chi LiaoDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Hsueh-Te LeeInstitute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chih-Chung HuangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. cchuang@mail.ncku.edu.tw.
Ping-Ching WuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. wbcxyz@gmail.com.
Yu-Min KuoInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. kuoym@mail.ncku.edu.tw.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) progression is closely linked to the accumulation of amyloid-[Formula: see text] (A[Formula: see text]), with impaired clearance mechanisms playing a key role. The meningeal lymphatic (mLym) system, which drains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and waste from the brain to peripheral lymph nodes, has emerged as a critical pathway for A[Formula: see text] removal. While physical exercise is known to improve cognitive function and reduce AD risk, its effect on the mLym system and downstream AD pathology have not been fully elucidated.

methodsThree-month-old 5xFAD mice underwent a 3-month wheel-running exercise regimen. The function of the mLym system was assessed before and after exercise using high-frequency ultrasound imaging with nanoparticle tracers to monitor CSF drainage to deep cervical lymph nodes. The study evaluated changes in mLym vessel structure, A[Formula: see text] deposition, and cognitive performance. Additionally, the effects of serum and extracellular vesicles (EVs) from exercised rats on the expression of lymphatic vessel-related genes (LYVE-1, VEGFR3, and VEGF-C) were examined in lymphatic endothelial and microglial cell lines.

resultsCompared to 3-month-old 5xFAD mice and age-matched wild-type controls, 6-month-old 5xFAD mice displayed progressive decline in mLym function, reduced vessel integrity, and increased amyloid plaque burden, accompanied by impaired learning and memory. These changes were associated with decreased expression of LYVE-1 and VEGFR3 in the meninges and VEGF-C in the brain. Exercise intervention reversed these deficits, restoring mLym function and vessel structure, enhancing A[Formula: see text] clearance, and improving cognitive performance. Surgical ligation of mLym vessels accelerated amyloid accumulation and removed the exercise-induced benefits, underscoring the system’s importance in A[Formula: see text] removal. In vitro, A[Formula: see text] oligomers suppressed VEGFR3 and VEGF-C expression, while serum and EVs from exercised rats counteracted this effect. Proteomic analysis of EVs from exercised animals revealed upregulation of CD9, suggesting a link to VEGFR3 signaling.

conclusionsThis study demonstrates that A[Formula: see text] oligomers impair mLym function, exacerbating amyloid pathology. Exercise preserves the structure and function of the mLym system, promoting A[Formula: see text] clearance and mitigating AD progression. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting the meningeal lymphatic system to slow or prevent AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAmyloidosisLymphatic SystemMeningesPhysical Conditioning, AnimalAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalMiceMice, TransgenicVascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3Alzheimer’s diseaseAmyloidosisLymphangiogenesisMeningeal lymphatic systemRunning exercise

Identifiers

PMID41540479
PMCPMC13255411

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.