Evidence mapPaperPMID 41540481Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2026

Investigating the molecular mechanisms of glutamine metabolism and mitochondria-related biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease through transcriptomics and experimental validation.

Xiaying Si, Shihan Tian, Yudong Chen, Xin Li, Guode Wu, Yuan Yao, Manxia Wang

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Article in European journal of medical research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xiaying Si *Department of Psychological Health, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Shihan Tian *School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
Yudong ChenSchool of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
Xin LiDepartment of Neurology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Guode WuDepartment of Neurology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Yuan YaoThe Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Manxia WangDepartment of Neurology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China. wmx322@aliyun.com.

Funding

Cuiying Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital, China CY2022-MS-A07Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, China 22JR5RA994
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. This study aims to identify biomarkers associated with glutamine metabolism-related genes (GRGs) and mitochondria-related genes (MRGs) in AD through bioinformatics analysis, offering insights for prevention and treatment strategies.

methodsCandidate genes were first picked out through differential gene expression profiling, construction of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and interaction network analysis. Biomarkers were then filtered using machine learning algorithms. For these biomarkers, expression verification and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were carried out. These biomarkers underwent GeneMANIA analysis, subcellular and chromosomal localization, enrichment analysis, along with immune infiltration assessment, establishment of a multi-layered molecular regulatory network, and prediction of potential therapeutic agents by leveraging drug-gene interaction databases. Finally, the consistency was validated by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

resultsInitially, 10 candidate genes were identified through bioinformatics analysis. Machine learning, expression validation, and ROC analysis pinpointed SNCA and PPP2R1A as biomarkers (AUC > 0.7). These biomarkers were associated with 20 functionally similar genes and were active in the nucleus and cytoplasm. SNCA was located on chromosome 4, and PPP2R1A on chromosome 19. Enrichment analysis unveiled their involvement in pathways such as olfactory transduction. Additionally, these biomarkers influenced immune cells; for instance, there was a positive correlation between PPP2R1A and type 2 T helper cells (cor = 0.66, P = 1.03 × 10

conclusionThis study ultimately identified SNCA and PPP2R1A as biomarkers for AD, providing a theoretical foundation and potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s diseaseGlutamine metabolismImmune infiltration analysisMitochondriaMolecular regulatory network

Identifiers

PMID41540481
PMCPMC12892548

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.