ArticleJournal of Taibah University Medical Sciences2025
Improving knowledge on the management of diabetes mellitus during Ramadan.
Article in Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Ramadan fasting is obligatory for adult Muslims but poses significant health risks for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. This study evaluated baseline knowledge and the impact of a targeted educational program on DM management during Ramadan among adults with T2DM. Methods: A single-arm pre-test/post-test design was conducted at Fatmawati General Hospital (February-April 2023) in a consecutive sample of 116 Muslim patients with T2DM who were planning to fast. Participants received a Ramadan-focused education session (online or offline) covering attendance, dietary planning, risk stratification, and self-monitoring. Knowledge was assessed with a 24-item questionnaire (6 attendance-related, 18 content-related questions). Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22, with Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests for normality and paired Results: In the pre-intervention assessment, 50.9% of participants attained a "good" overall knowledge score, which increased significantly to 90.5% following the Ramadan-focused education program (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p = 0.001). Domain-specific analyses revealed marked gains in understanding of fasting risks (from 63.8% to 92.2%), complex carbohydrate principles (37.9%-63.8%), physical activity recommendations (69.0%-78.5%), medication-related risk awareness (58.6%-81.0%) and risk stratification methods (83.9%-92.0%). By contrast, knowledge of the appropriate glucose-monitoring frequency improved modestly, reaching 67.2% post-intervention. Conclusion: A structured, Ramadan-focused education program markedly enhances knowledge of safe fasting practices in patients with T2DM. To further optimize outcomes, future interventions should intensify focus on specific dietary strategies, sulfonylurea-related hypoglycaemia risks, and standardized glucose-monitoring protocols.
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