Evidence mapPaperPMID 41543809Full record

ReviewCurrent nutrition reports2026

Obesity and Nutritional Vulnerability in long COVID: A Neuroinflammatory and Cognitive Perspective.

Cigdem Bozkir, Tugce Kartal, Busra Hokelek

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current nutrition reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Cigdem BozkirFaculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye. cigdem.bozkir@inonu.edu.tr.
Tugce KartalDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cukurova University Hospital, Adana, Türkiye.
Busra HokelekFaculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewTo examine the interplay between obesity, nutritional vulnerability, and long COVID, with a particular focus on neuroinflammatory and cognitive outcomes. This review synthesizes emerging evidence on shared pathophysiological pathways and evaluates the therapeutic potential of dietary and weight management strategies. RECENT

findingsCognitive symptoms such as brain fog and memory deficits are among the most persistent and disabling features of long COVID. Obesity is associated with more severe manifestations through pathways involving chronic systemic inflammation, compromised blood-brain barrier integrity, and neuroimmune dysregulation. Concurrently, malnutrition and poor diet quality including low intake of antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, and micronutrients may impair neuroplasticity and delay recovery. Interventions such as Mediterranean and ketogenic dietary patterns, as well as structured weight loss programs, show promise in reducing inflammation and improving cognitive outcomes. Obesity and suboptimal nutritional status amplify the neurocognitive burden of long COVID through shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Integrated care models that incorporate metabolic screening, nutritional assessment, and individualized dietary interventions may improve recovery trajectories. Public health strategies that address food quality, obesity prevention, and equitable access to nutrition care are essential for long-term resilience in the post-COVID era.

Indexed as

CognitionCognition DisordersCOVID-19MalnutritionNeuroinflammatory DiseasesNutritional StatusObesityHumansInflammationPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeSARS-CoV-2Brain fogCognitive dysfunctionLong COVIDObesityPASC

Identifiers

PMID41543809
PMCPMC12811281

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.