Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41545229›Full record

SynthesisBMJ open diabetes research & care2026

Association of genetic variation with age at diagnosis in type 1 diabetes.

Charlotte E Vollenbrock, Delnaz Roshandel, Kristine E Lee, Barbara E Klein, Dick Mul, Melanie M van der Klauw, Cornelis J Tack, Marian Rewers, Janet K Snell-Bergeon, Tina Costacou and 8 more

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Charlotte E VollenbrockUniversity Medical Center Groningen, Endocrinology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0908-6560
Delnaz RoshandelGenetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Kristine E LeeDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Barbara E KleinDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Dick MulDiabeter, Center for Type 1 Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Melanie M van der KlauwUniversity Medical Center Groningen, Endocrinology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Cornelis J TackInternal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0322-1653
Marian RewersBDC Clinical EPI Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Janet K Snell-BergeonBDC Clinical EPI Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Tina CostacouEpidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Rachel G MillerEpidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1845-8477
Maria Luiza CaramoriDivision of diabetes, University of Minnesota Department of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Mike MauerDivision of diabetes, University of Minnesota Department of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Henk-Jan AanstootDiabeter, Center for Type 1 Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Bruce H R WolffenbuttelUniversity Medical Center Groningen, Endocrinology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands bwo@umcg.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-6921
Andrew D PatersonGenetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
DCCT/EDIC Research Group
DCCT/EDIC Research Group

Funding

Type 1 Diabetes Genetics ConsortiumU01DK062418 · NIDDK · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI RICH, STEPHEN S. · 2002 to 2007
$59.8M
NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK062418
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionType 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease with a strong genetic basis. The aim of this study was to identify additional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for type 1 diabetes age at diagnosis and to replicate previously identified loci. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsMeta genome-wide association studies of age at diagnosis from eight cohorts (n=5910 in total) were performed in three models. Model 1 was age at diagnosis with no covariates. Model 2 was age at diagnosis adjusted for DR3/DR4 genotype categories. Model 3 was similar to model 2, including the most significant SNP from model 2 (coded additively). Models 1 and 2 were also performed for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) imputed data. In addition, we tested previously identified loci for age at diagnosis and type 1 diabetes risk for association with age at diagnosis in model 1.

resultsIn model 1, we identified a genome-wide significant locus (rs2856721, p=3.3×10

conclusionsWe identified rs76730244 in the MHC region for age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, which was independent of the

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic VariationPolymorphism, Single NucleotideAge FactorsAge of OnsetChildFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHumansMajor Histocompatibility ComplexMalePrognosisDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Genetic MarkersHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIMeta-Analysis

Identifiers

PMID41545229
PMCPMC12815190

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.